法政策学视阈下“不完全劳动关系”性质辨思  

Reflections on “Incomplete Labor Relations” from the Perspective of Legal Policy Studies

作　　者：吴勇 WU Yong(School of Law,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing,210023)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院

出　　处：《云南社会科学》2023年第5期65-73,共9页Social Sciences in Yunnan

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金项目“互联网平台用工法律关系分类调整研究”(项目号:22FXB003)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《关于维护新就业形态劳动者劳动保障权益的指导意见》作为法政策性规范,首次提出“不完全劳动关系”概念,是对新就业形态迅猛发展和相关配套法规滞后的回应,以期实现保障平台众包从业者合法权益之价值。以从属性理论为解释进路,对“框架协议”“单次接单行为”和“持续接单行为”的内在法律机理进行逐一探析。澄清被误读的事实优先原则;进而论证正常激励机制难以成为劳动义务来源;并强调须结合个案优先甄别隐蔽劳动关系;最终证立不完全劳动关系的特殊民事劳务关系属性。未来立法应遵循“民法做加法”的规制逻辑,矫正平台众包用工法律适用非此即彼的单向思维,在私法自治基础上探索劳动权利的具体化拓展适用。当前需回应平台众包从业者最迫切诉求,引入工资工时劳动基准、完善行业集体协商机制和构建专属职业伤害保险制度,循序渐进地健全现代化的权利保障体系。The guiding opinions involving incomplete labor relations responds to the rapid development of new employment forms and the delayed corresponding regulations,seeking to protect the rights and interests of platform crowdworkers.Taking the theory of subordination as the interpretive method,this study delves into the intrinsic legal mechanisms of“framework agreement”,“single order-taking behaviour”,and“continuous ordertaking behaviour”.It study clarifies the often-misunderstood principle of the primacy of facts,argues that normal incentive measures are unlikely to be the source of labor obligations,emphasizes the necessity of prioritizing the identification of the disguised employment on an individual case-by-case basis and finally proves the incomplete labor relations are fundamentally a specialized form of civil service relationships.The future legislation should adopt the regulatory logic of“addition of civil law”,correct the binary thinking in the legal application,and explore the specific expansion of labor rights based on private autonomy.Currently,it is imperative to establish labor standards for wages and working hours,enhance the industry-wide collective bargaining mechanism,and develop a special occupational injury insurance system.Such steps will address the immediate needs of platform crowd-workers and incrementally improve the contemporary rights protection system.

关 键 词：法政策学 不完全劳动关系 从属性 众包 劳动权利 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]