不同含糖饮料摄入频率儿童青少年体格发育和糖脂代谢指标的差异  

Associations of sugar-sweetened beverages intake frequency with physical growth and glucolipid metabolism among children and adolescents

作　　者：沈丽萍 汪正园[1] 史泽环 宋琪 曲梦影 买淑鹏 陆伟 孙卓 朱珍妮[1] 臧嘉捷[1] SHEN Liping;WANG Zhengyuan;SHI Zehuan;SONG Qi;QU Mengying;MAI Shupeng;LU Wei;SUN Zhuo;ZHU Zhenni;ZANG Jiajie(Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control,Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心健康危害因素监测与控制所,上海200336

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2023年第7期761-768,共8页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：中国营养学会百胜餐饮健康基金(CNSYUM2021-95);中国营养学会营养青年人才领导力提升支持计划(CNS2020100B-2);中国学生营养与健康促进会美赞臣学优营养科研基金项目(CASNHPMJN2021-21);上海市“科技创新行动计划”启明星项目(扬帆专项)(23YF1437000)。

摘　　要：[背景]儿童青少年是含糖饮料高消费人群。目前已有充分证据表明含糖饮料摄入会引起体重增加和超重肥胖。然而,含糖饮料高摄入在引起儿童青少年超重肥胖等不良健康结局前是否引起体格生长和糖脂代谢异常还尚不明确,早期识别过量摄入含糖饮料的健康危害具有重要的公共卫生学意义。[目的]探究摄入不同频率含糖饮料的6~17岁正常体重儿童青少年体格和糖脂代谢指标的差异,探索含糖饮料摄入在引起儿童青少年超重肥胖前对体格生长和糖脂代谢的早期影响,为预防控制儿童超重肥胖及其相关慢性病和含糖饮料控制政策的制定提供科学依据。[方法]数据来源于2015—2017年上海市中小学生膳食与健康状况监测数据。本项目选择6~17岁正常体重儿童青少年,采用倾向性评分方法,根据年龄、性别分层后,按照能量摄入和身体活动因素计算倾向性评分分值,1∶1选取含糖饮料高频(≥1次·d^(-1))与低频(≤1次·周^(-1))摄入组分值最接近的个体配对作为研究对象。测量研究对象的身高、体重、体脂率、腰围以及空腹血糖、总甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇等结局指标,计算体重指数(body mass index, BMI);并采用食物频率调查问卷,通过调查员面对面询问的方式收集6~17岁儿童青少年过去三个月含糖饮料摄入情况。采用配对t检验比较含糖饮料高频摄入组和低频摄入组体格和糖脂代谢指标的差异。[结果]共获得1∶1配对有效样本431对。含糖饮料摄入频率≥1次·d^(-1)的6~9年级学生身高(差值=2.92 cm,P=0.002)、体重(差值=2.53 kg,P=0.003)和腰围(差值=1.34 cm,P=0.035)高于≤1次·周^(-1)者;摄入频率≥1次·d^(-1)的10~12年级学生体重(差值=2.27 kg,P=0.041)高于≤1次·周^(-1)者。95%以上研究对象的血糖和血脂指标检测结果处于正常值范围内;但含糖饮料摄入频率≥Background Children and adolescents drink sugar-sweetened beverages(SSBs)frequently.Research has confirmed that SSBs associate with weight gain and overweight or obesity.However,it is unclear whether high SSBs intake associates with abnormal changes in physical growth and glucolipid metabolism before causing adverse health outcomes such as overweight and obesity.Early identification of associated health risks of overconsumption of SSBs have important public health implications.ObjectiveTo investigate the differences in physical growth and glucolipid metabolism between different SSBs intake frequency groups in normal weight children and adolescents aged 6-17 years,and to evaluate the early effects of SSBs intake on physical growth and glycolipid metabolism before causing overweight and obesity,aiming to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of childhood overweight and obesity and related chronic diseases,and for the formulation of policies on the control of SSBs consumption.MethodsData were from the Shanghai Diet and Health Survey(SDHS)among primary and secondary school students.The participants were normal weight children and adolescents aged 6-17 years.Propensity scores were calculated according to energy intake and physical activity factors,after stratifying by age and gender.Participants were 1:1 matched with the closest propensity scores in the high-frequency(≥1 time·d^(-1))and the low-frequency(≤1 time·week^(-1))SSBs intake groups.The outcome indicators were physical measurements such as height,weight,percent of body fat,and waist circumference,and metabolic indicators such as fasting blood glucose,total triglycerides,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Body mass index(BMI)was calculated.Food frequency questionnaire was used to collect SSBs consumption in the past three months through face-to-face interview.A paired t-test was used to compare the differences in physical and glycolipid metabolic indicators between the high-fr

关 键 词：含糖饮料 儿童青少年 正常体重 体格生长 糖脂代谢 

分 类 号：R15[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]