动态数据追踪:日本建设博士人才数据库的动因、路径及启示  

Dynamic Data Tracking:Motivation,Approaches and Enlightenment of Japan’s Graduates Database Construction

作　　者：吴海江 王翠英 楼世洲[3] WU Hai-jiang;WANG Cui-ying;LOU Shi-zhou(Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;Huzhou College,Huzhou 313002,China;Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学,江苏镇江212013 [2]湖州学院,浙江湖州313002 [3]浙江师范大学,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《黑龙江高教研究》2023年第9期112-118,共7页Heilongjiang Researches on Higher Education

基　　金：江苏省教育科学“十四五”规划一般课题“江苏高水平大学科技创新能力的评价研究”(编号:C-c/2021/01/31);2022年度江苏大学高等教育规划发展研究一般项目“‘双一流’背景下基于学科建设的江苏大学高质量发展路径研究”(编号:G202210)。

摘　　要：日本筹建国家级博士人才数据库(JGRAD)主要回应博士教育发展现实困境,服务于博士教育改革的现实诉求。为了确保JGRAD顺利运行,动态追踪生成“博士人才大数据”,日本着重于明确数据库目标定位、理顺数据库运行管理权责、优化数据库内容框架、完善数据库数据采集程序、建立数据库参与激励机制。通过JGRAD,日本扩大了博士人才数据信息覆盖面,生成了博士人才客观“数据”证据,以数据和事实相结合可视化博士人才发展图景。该实践对我国建立和完善动态监测的博士生教育具有一定的现实意义:强化“以数促管”,开展持续性博士动态追踪调查;形成“执行+支撑”合力,建立专业性博士人才大数据平台;遵循“博士生社会化”理念,构建横纵贯通的博士调查框架。The Japan Graduates Database(JGRAD)was established to respond to the realities of doctoral education development and to serve the realities of doctoral education reform.In order to ensure the smooth operation of JGRAD and generate data of doctoral talents dynamically,Japan has focused on clarifying the database’s goal and orientation,rationalizing the authority and responsibility of database operation and management,optimizing the database’s content framework,perfecting the database’s data collection procedure,and establishing an incentive mechanism for the database’s participation.Based on JGRAD,Japan has expanded the coverage of data and information on doctoral human resources,generated objective“data”evidence of doctoral human resources,and visualized the development of doctoral human resources by combining data and facts.Learning from the experience of JGRAD can be used as a practical reference for the doctoral education of dynamic monitoring in China,as follows:Strengthening“management by numbers”to carry out continuous doctoral dynamic tracking surveys;forming“implementation+support”synergy to establish a professional doctoral talent big data platform;and following the concept of“socialization of doctoral students”to build a horizontal and vertical doctoral survey framework.

关 键 词：日本 博士生教育 职业发展 日本博士人才数据库 

分 类 号：G649.313[文化科学—高等教育学]