无权处分一般规则之“回归”——以《合同编通则解释》(征求意见稿)第20条为中心  

The Return of the General Rule of Unauthorized Disposition—Centered around Article 20 of the Interpretation of the General Principles of the“Chapter of Contract”of China s Civil Code

作　　者：易军[1] Yi Jun

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期85-93,194,共10页Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金重点项目“政治哲学视域下民法上公权力之控制研究”(18FXA004);中国政法大学科研创新项目“中国民法话语体系溯源与研究”(1000-10820340)。

摘　　要：相较于《民法典》第597条第1款,《合同编通则解释》(征求意见稿)第20条在重建无权处分一般规则、确立消弭履行行为(或物权变动)效力未定状态的具体方法、凸显权利人的自主决定等方面具有重要意义。这两条均以“处分权”控制交易过程,但不同的物权变动理论对处分权如何具体控制交易过程有不同理解。债权形式主义是以处分权控制“事实行为”(交付或登记的物权公示方法),物权形式主义则是以处分权控制“法律行为”(处分行为)。由于前者与民法基本原理有所抵牾,使无权处分在我国民法(理论)体系上殊难定位,易使无权处分与无权代理疏离乃至造成价值判断失衡,应以后一理解为优。Unauthorized disposition is one of the most important core nodal issues in civil law,closely related to systems such as real right change mode,bona fide acquisition,liability of guarantee for defects of right,liability for breach of contract,and unjust enrichment,thus having extremely sensitive systemic effects.In terms of the regulation of unauthorized disposition,China s civil legislation and civil judicial interpretations have undergone several changes,from Article 51 of the Contract Law to Article 3 of the Interpretation of the Supreme People s Court on Issues Concerning the Application of Law for the Trial of Cases of Disputes over Sales Contracts,and to Article 597(1)of the Civil Code,further to Article 20 of the Interpretation of the Supreme People s Court of the Application of the Chapter of Contract of China s Civil Code(Consultation Paper)(hereinafter referred to as the Interpretation of the General Principles of the Chapter of Contract).Compared with Article 597(1)of China s Civil Code,Article 20 of the Interpretation of the General Principles of the Chapter of Contract is of great significance in reconstructing the general rule of unauthorized disposition,establishing specific methods to eliminate the uncertain status of the effect of performance(or real rights change),and highlighting the independent decision of the obligee.Whether in accordance with Article 597(1)of the Civil Code or Article 20 of the Interpretation of the General Principles of the Chapter of Contract,the right of disposition does not affect the validity of the sales contract(contract of assignment),but it affects the performance effect of the sales contract(contract of assignment),that is,whether the real right can be changed.This approach of designing the right of disposition as an element that affects the performance of contract of assignment is crucial.The fundamental reason is that the right of disposition has a cornerstone position in the legal order of human civilization.Both of the articles control the transaction process wi

关 键 词：无权处分 《合同编通则解释》第20条 物权变动模式 处分行为 

分 类 号：D913.6[政治法律—民商法学]