“父母官”的先秦典籍渊源及其思想意蕴  

The Origin and Ideological Implication of“Official Like Parents”in the Pre-Qin Period

作　　者：姚海涛 Yao Haitao

机构地区：[1]青岛城市学院马克思主义学院,山东青岛266106

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2023年第5期104-110,共7页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：山东省艺术科学重点课题“文化批判与理论熔铸——齐鲁文化合流中荀子的关键作用研究”(1607293)。

摘　　要：“父母官”一词可追溯到先秦典籍“民之父母”之说。《诗经》“民之父母”主要指居于统治地位的“乐只君子”“恺悌君子”。《大学》《中庸》则着意强调“德位合一”的意义。《孔子家语》与郭店楚简的“民之父母”彰显出了忠孝两难的现实困境。《孟子》“为民父母”则以“仁政与王道”强调了对统治者的期许与对民生、民权的重视。《荀子》则集“民之父母”之大成,从理论层面破解了忠孝两难的困境,涵盖了后世“父母官”的大部分意蕴。“民之父母”作为中华传统政治文化的重要概念,当深入挖掘其思想意蕴,从权责相适应、义利相统一以及执政者的大局意识与胸怀雅量、执政者的自律与他律,包括换位思考等诸多层面进行现代解读,以实现传统思想的现代性转化。The term“official like parents”can be traced back to the“Being parents of the People”in pre-Qin classics.The“Being parents of the People”in The Book of Songs mainly refers to the“Happy gentleman”and“Harmony gentleman”who are in charge.The Great Learning and The Doctrine of Mean emphasize the significance of“the unity of morality and position”.Family Sayings of Confucius and Guo Dian Bamboo slip’s“Being parents of the People”reveal the realistic dilemma of loyalty and filial piety.Mencius’“Be the people’s parents”emphasizes the expectation of the ruler and the importance of people’s livelihood and civil rights with“benevolent government and royal way”.Xunzi has solved the dilemma of loyalty and filial piety from the theoretical level,and contains most of the implication of the“Being parents of the People”in later generations.As an important concept of excellent traditional political culture,“Being parents of the People”should be deeply explored,and its ideological implication should be interpreted from many aspects,such as the compatibility of power and responsibility,the unity of justice and interests,the ruler’s overall consciousness and magnanimity,self-discipline and heteronomy,transposition thinking and so on,so as to realize the modernity transformation of traditional thoughts.

关 键 词：父母官 民之父母 治国理政 思想意蕴 

分 类 号：B21[哲学宗教—中国哲学]