高速铁路无砟轨道突发灾害及应急抢修技术  

Emergency Disaster and Emergency Repair Techniques for Ballastless Track of High Speed Railway

作　　者：易忠来 杨志强 靳昊 姜子清 刘浩 谢永江 YI Zhonglai;YANG Zhiqiang;JIN Hao;JIANG Ziqing;LIU Hao;XIE Yongjiang(Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory for Track System of High-speed Railway,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司高速铁路轨道系统全国重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2023年第8期17-21,共5页Railway Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52178260);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(N2020G049)。

摘　　要：针对高速铁路无砟轨道面临的火灾、水害、地震、高温、撞击等突发灾害,探讨了突发灾害对无砟轨道结构的影响、伤损等级划分方法、应急抢修措施和抢修技术发展方向。结果表明:高速铁路无砟轨道遭受突发灾害时主要伤损形式为剥落、裂缝、上拱、离缝、钢筋失效等,突发灾害会影响到无砟轨道的平顺性、高速列车运行的舒适性与安全性;可按照灾害突发对无砟轨道结构的影响程度进行伤损等级划分;应急处置措施包括限速通行、轨道精调、天窗时间内修补、轨道部件替换等,应根据伤损等级合理采用;需从抢修材料和整治装备两方面进行产业创新与升级,研发环境适应性强、工作性能好、长期耐久性能好的无砟轨道修补材料,无砟轨道突发灾害应急抢修用大型机械化养护维修装备是将来的发展方向。This study addresses the impact of unforeseen disasters such as fires,floods,earthquakes,extreme temperatures,and collisions on ballastless tracks in high speed railways.It delves into the repercussions of these events on track structures,proposes methods for assessing varying degrees of damage,outlines emergency response measures,and highlights the future trajectory of repair techniques.The findings emphasize that ballstless tracks of high speed railway are susceptible to forms of damage like peeling,cracking,arching,separation,and failure of steel reinforcements during sudden disasters.These incidents disrupt the track’s smooth operation,train comfort,and operational safety.To manage such situations,damage severity is classified based on the extent of structural impact caused by the disaster.Emergency strategies include speed limitations,precision adjustments to the track,prompt repairs,replacement of track components,and other interventions,tailored according to the level of damage incurred.To pave the way for effective solutions,there is a need for innovative materials and upgraded maintenance equipment.Research endeavors should concentrate on creating repair materials for ballastless tracks that are resilient to various environmental conditions,exhibit excellent operational performance,and boast long-lasting durability.Furthermore,the study suggests that the future direction lies in the development of large-scale mechanized equipment for emergency repairs,contributing to the resilience of ballastless tracks in the face of unexpected disasters.

关 键 词：高速铁路 应急抢修 统计分析 无砟轨道 混凝土 轨枕 支承层 地震 

分 类 号：U213.244[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]