儿童画里的生命概念:基于5-6岁儿童生命主题绘画的探析  

The Concept of Life in Children’s Paintings:an Analysis Based on Life-themed Paintings of Children Aged 5-6

作　　者：成新月 杨彦捷 CHENG Xin-yue;YANG Yan-jie(Education Department of Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学教育学部,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《陕西学前师范学院学报》2023年第9期26-35,共10页Journal of Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University

基　　金：云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022Y164)。

摘　　要：儿童所掌握的生命概念,涉及他们对生命本质特征的基本认知,属于一种朴素的生物理论。到5-6岁时,儿童的生命概念已有所发展,在一定的教育支持下能够趋向成熟。为分析儿童潜在的生命概念,本研究对32幅以“生命”为主题的绘画作品进行编码分析,结合儿童访谈,探究蕴含在儿童主题画中的生命认知与理解、情绪体验和基于已有观念表现出的生命行为。研究发现:在生命认知方面,5-6岁的儿童不能完全区分生命体与非生命体,并从生物学特征和形而上的特征来认知死亡;在生命情感方面,儿童表现出兼具模糊性、哲理性、积极性和消极性的特点;在生命行为方面,儿童画中高频出现关注自我的行为表现,其绘画表达存在明显的性别差异。据此,提出正视儿童生命概念认知中的“类比思维”;从哲学层面理解儿童生命主题绘画中蕴含的生命价值;丰富儿童死亡教育内容体系的建议。The concept of life understood by children,involving their basic cognition of the essential characteristics of life,belongs to a simple biological theory.By the age of 5-6,the concept of children’s life has developed get mature with support of certain education.In order to analyze the potential concept of children’s life,this study encodes and analyzes 32 paintings with the theme of“life”,and combines with children’s interviews,to explore the cognition and understanding of life,emotional experience and life behaviors based on existed concepts,which contained in children’s theme paintings.The research found that in terms of life cognition,children aged 5-6 cannot completely distinguish between living beings and non-living beings,and recognize death from biological and metaphysical characteristics;in terms of life emotions,children show the characteristics of ambiguity,philosophy,enthusiasm and negativity;in terms of life behavior,children show a high-frequency self-focused behavior in their paintings,and there is an obvious gender difference in the expression of the painting.Based on this,it puts forward following suggestions:it should be recognized“an analogous thinking”in the cognition of children’s life concept;it should understand the value of life contained in children’s life theme paintings from a philosophical level;and it should make educational suggestions to enrich the content system of children’s death education.

关 键 词：生命主题绘画 大班儿童 生命概念 5-6岁 

分 类 号：G613.6[文化科学—学前教育学]