新兴构式“X住了”的演化与功能特征  

The Evolution and Functional Characteristics of the Emerging Construction“X Zhu Le”

作　　者：罗耀华[1] 彭枫 LUO Yao-hua;PENG Feng(Central China Normal University,Wuhan Hubei 430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《汉语学习》2023年第5期16-28,共13页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“汉语“动+介+宾”结构的构式化与构式演变”(项目编号:21FYYB022);教育部中外语言合作交流中心重点课题“基于《国际中文教育水平等级大纲》的汉语构式及构式习得研究”(项目编号:22YH44B)资助。

摘　　要：“X住了”是一种新兴构式,强调“X”所指事件受到“住”影响的情状化与事件化,用来表示对“X”这一动态事件的描述。构式的发展演化主要体现在“住”的性质转化以及“X”的范畴扩大化,这是触发“X住了”构式定型的标志。构式的功能与表达主要是对“X”的情状化与事件化,而这种异感表达有客观与主观之分,构式整体具有口语化与形象化的趋势。该类构式的建立是类推机制的作用,构式的理解受隐含信息的制约,而其不断发展是受异态表达心理的驱动。“X Zhu Le”is an emerging construction that emphasizes the affectitation and eventalization which involving the concrete event“X”affected by“Zhu”,and is used to represent the description of the dynamic event of“X”.The development and evolution of the construction is mainly reflected in the property transformation of“Zhu”and the category expansion of“X”,which is the sign to trigger the constructionalizaton of“X Zhu Le”.The function and expression of the construction are mainly the affectitation and eventalization of“X”,and this different sensory expression is divided between objective and subjective,and the whole construction has the trend of colloquial and visualization.The establishment of the construction is by the function of analogy mechanism.The understanding of the construction is restricted by the implicit information,while its continuous development is driven by the psychology of abnormal expression.

关 键 词：“X住了” 构式 性质转化 功能特征 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]