明治时期的军事用语二字词与中日词汇交流——以“兵语辞典”为文本资料的词语调查  

Dictionaries of Military Terms and the Meiji-Period Two-Character Military Terminology

作　　者：朱京伟[1] Zhu Jingwei(Beijing Foreign Studies University,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学日语学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2023年第4期45-58,共14页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

摘　　要：中日两国的军事用语中有许多同形词,值得从词汇交流史的角度开展研究。作者在调查明治大正时期军事资料的基础上,从7种日本的“兵语辞典”中抽取到1552个军事用语。本文以其中的军事用语二字词为研究对象,系统地制定了词源筛查方案,并根据筛查的结果,分3大类和5种情形,对词源判断的过程做了案例分析。结果显示,明治时期的军事用语二字词是由大量的古汉语词加上少量的明治日语新词共同构成的,是中日词汇双向交流、相互融合的产物。Japanese and Chinese military terms feature many homographs,which are explored from the perspective of vocabulary exchange throughout history in this paper.The author starts by investigating military materials dated back to the Meiji and Taisho periods,selecting 7 different dictionaries of military terms,from which 1,552 military terms were sampled.Focusing only on the two-character military terms therein,a screening procedure was formulated to sift through and classify the terms by their etymologies.Based on three major categories and five aspects summarized above,the etymology determination processes were individually analyzed.The results show that two-character military terms dating back to the Meiji period are composed of various ancient Chinese usages coupled with the then contemporaneous Japanese vocabularies,verifying the presence of bilateral vocabulary exchange and integration between Chinese and Japanese.

关 键 词：兵语辞典 军事用语二字词 词源筛查 日语借词 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语] H13