2017—2021年包头市食源性疾病监测结果分析  

Analysis on surveillance results of foodborne diseases in Baotou City from 2017-2021

作　　者：丰华[1,2] 白乌日娜 郑姗姗 解英波[1,2] 刘欣 杨玉荣[1,2] FENG Hua;Baiwurina;ZHENG Shanshan;XIE Yingbo;LIU Xin;YANG Yurong(Department of Food Safety and Nutrition,Baotou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baotou Inner Mongolia,014030,China;Department of Microbial Testing,Baotou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baotou Inner Mongolia,014030,China)

机构地区：[1]包头市疾病预防控制中心食品安全与营养科,内蒙古包头014030 [2]包头市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第16期2198-2201,2208,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析2017—2021年包头市食源性疾病的流行特征及病原学特性,为食源性疾病的预防控制提供参考依据。方法搜集食源性疾病监测报告系统2017—2021年包头市食源性疾病监测数据,对采集的便样/肛拭子标本进行病原体检测,并对数据进行分析。结果共纳入食源性疾病病例8971例,便样/肛拭子标本采集1207例,其中男性4221例,女性4750例。18~<35岁年龄组报告病例最多(2246例),职业以学生最多(1332例),发病高峰期7—9月份,暴露食品中肉与肉制品例数最多(1636例),包装方式以散装为主(3603例),暴露场所主要在家庭(6202例);病原体检出率为25.35%,其中致病菌检出率为15.07%,主要为致泻大肠埃希菌(13.50%),诺如病毒检出率为11.27%;年龄、职业、季节组内病原体检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论2017—2021年包头市食源性疾病主要病原体为致泻大肠埃希菌和诺如病毒,夏秋季是食源性疾病高发季节,应加强宣传和培训力度,最大限度地减少食源性疾病的发生,保障公众的身体健康。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and pathogenic features of foodborne disease cases in Baotou City from 2017 to 2021,so as to provide reference basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Methods The monitoring data of foodborne disease in Baotou City from 2017 to 2021 were collected from the foodborne disease monitoring and reporting system,the pathogen testing was performed on the collected stool/anal swab samples,and the data were analyzed.Results A total of 8971 foodborne disease cases were included and 1207 stool/anal swab samples were collected,including 4221 males and 4750 females.The largest number of cases was in the age group of 18-<35 years old(2246 cases),the largest number of cases was in students in terms of occupation(1332 cases),the peak incidence period was July-September,the cases caused by the meat and meat products among exposed foods were the most(1636 cases),the packaging method was mainly bulk mode(3603 cases),and the exposed places were mainly at home(6202 cases).The detection rate of pathogens was 25.35%,among which the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was 15.07%,mainly diarrheogenic Escherechia coli(13.50%),and the detection rate of norovirus was 11.27%.There were statistically significant differences in pathogen detection rates among age,occupation,and seasonal groups(all P<0.01).Conclusion The main pathogens of foodborne diseases in Baotou City from 2017 to 2021 are diarrheogenic Escherechia coli and norovirus,the incidence of foodborne disease is relatively higher in summer and autumn,and it is necessary to strengthen publicity and training to minimize the occurrence of foodborne diseases and ensure the health of the public.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 病例监测 流行特征 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]