宁夏牛奶品质特性探究  

Study on Quality Characteristics of Milk in Ningxia

作　　者：孔祥明 刘维华[1] 杨俊华[1] 赵娟[1] KONG Xiang-ming;LIU Wei-hua;YANG Jun-hua;ZHAO Juan(Veterinary Drugs and Fodder of Ningxia Supervision Institute,Yinchuan 750000)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区兽药饲料监察所,银川750000

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2023年第9期61-65,共5页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2021BEF02018);宁夏回族自治区青年拔尖人才培养工程资助项目。

摘　　要：本试验采集宁夏奶源地牧场贮奶罐或运奶槽车中的牛奶样品进行成分检测,并利用SPSS软件对牛奶成分间的相关性和地区差异性进行分析研究。结果表明,宁夏牛奶平均蛋白质含量为3.28g/100g、脂肪含量为4.37g/100g、总固体13.35g/100g、乳糖5.04g/100g,16种氨基酸总量为3.20g/100g,占总蛋白的97.5%,乳铁蛋白含量99.6mg/kg,占总蛋白的0.3%,蛋白质、脂肪、总固体之间,氨基酸、蛋白质、乳铁蛋白之间具有极显著的相关性(P<0.01),蛋白质、脂肪、总固体含量具有显著的地域差异(P<0.05)。可以得出,宁夏牛奶蛋白质、脂肪和总固体含量远高于其他省份和标准要求,且不同成分间、不同地域间分别具有一定的相关性和差异性。本研究初步揭示了宁夏牛奶的品质特性,也为后续奶牛精准饲养、牛奶品质提升提供了理论支撑。Objective To explore the quality characteristics and dig out characteristic indicators of Ningxia milk.Methods In this experiment,milk samples were collected from milk storage tanks or milk tankers in Ningxia pasture for component detection,and SPSS software was used to analyze the correlation between milk components and regional differences.Results The protein content of Ningxia milk was 3.28g/100g,fat was 4.37g/100g,total solids was 13.35g/100g,lactose was 5.04g/100g,and the total amount of 16 amino acids were 3.20g/100g,accounting for 97.5%of the total protein,and the lactoferrin was 99.6mg/kg,accounting for 0.3%of the total protein.There were significant correlations among protein,fat and total solids,among amino acid,protein and lactoferrin(P<0.01),and significant regional differences in protein,fat and total solids(P<0.05).Conclusion The content of protein,fat and total solids in Ningxia milk were much higher than those of other provinces and standards,and there were certain correlations and differences between different components and regions,which initially reveals the quality characteristics of Ningxia milk,and also provides theoretical support for the follow-up precision feeding of cows and the improvement of milk quality.

关 键 词：宁夏 牛奶成分 相关性 差异性 品质 

分 类 号：S8-1[农业科学—畜牧兽医]