基于语料库对“X都X了”的构式研究  

A Corpus-based Study of the Construction of "X dou X le"

作　　者：郑莞仪 ZHENG Wanyi(Huaqiao University,Quanzhou Fujian 362000)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《牡丹江大学学报》2023年第9期43-49,共7页Journal of Mudanjiang University

基　　金：福建省社会科学规划项目“闽方言文白异读的变异与演进”(FJ2022B039);泉州市社会科学规划项目“泉州方言的变异与闽南文化认同心理变化研究”(2022D41)资助。

摘　　要：“X都X了”是现代汉语中常用的一个表达形式,同时也是一个典型的“构式”。基于语料库对“X都X了”这一构式的句法特点、意义及其前身进行研究,研究显示:“X都X了”中变项“X”多为单音节的动作动词、心理活动动词、趋向动词以及表示存在、变化、消失的动词。受构式中固定项“都”和“了”的影响,该构式具有“完成义”,同时根据具体语境还具有“劝勉”“强调”“感慨”“无所谓”等意义。与其前身构式“都X了”相比,两者之间在理性意义、色彩意义、变项“X”的选择方面存在较大不同。"X dou X le"is a common form of expression in modern Chinese,and is also a typical"construct".The syntactic features,meaning and predecessors of this construction are studied based on the corpus.The study shows that the variable"X"in"X dou X le"is mostly a monosyllabic action verb,a verb of mental activity,a verb of tendency,a verb of presence,change or disappearance.It is influenced by the fixed terms"dou"and"le"in the construction,which have the sense of"completion"and,depending on the context,also have the sense of"exhortation"and"emphasis".It also has the meanings of"exhort","emphasise""lament"and"indifferent",depending on the context.Compared with its predecessor,"dou X le",the two differ considerably in terms of the rational meaning,the colourful meaning and the choice of the variant"X".

关 键 词：构式 “X都X了” 句法特点 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]