基于预测恒定车头时距策略的自适应巡航控制研究  

Research on Adaptive Cruise Control Based on Predicted Constant Time Headway Strategy

作　　者：周春国[1] 曾志成 毛锦 ZHOU Chunguo;ZENG Zhicheng;MAO Jin(School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,西安710048

出　　处：《汽车工程学报》2023年第5期695-704,共10页Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61701397,51705419);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(300102211513)。

摘　　要：为了进一步提高车辆跟车过程中的跟踪性、安全性、舒适性和燃油经济性,针对已有间距策略表现过于保守或反应过于激烈等不足之处,提出了一种预测恒定车头时距策略。该策略考虑了相对加速度,建立了一种预测型期望车间距模型,进而应用于模型预测控制的多目标自适应巡航控制系统中,能进一步提高模型预测控制对多个控制目标的综合协调能力。搭建上层控制器、下层PID控制器、油门制动切换、逆纵向动力学模型。在多工况下仿真,通过建立性能评判指标对多目标进行量化分析。结果表明,所提出的间距策略在保证安全性的前提下,提升了自适应巡航控制系统的综合性能。在不同驾驶风格的车头时距下,跟踪性、舒适性和燃油经济性均有良好表现。To further improve tracking,safety,comfort and fuel economy during vehicle following,a predicted constant time headway strategy is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of the existing spacing strategies,which often show responses that are either overly conservative or excessively reactive.This strategy incorporates relative acceleration to build a predictive desired inter-vehicle distance model.When integrated into the multi-objective adaptive cruise control system using model predictive control,this model enhances the comprehensive coordination capabilities of the system for multiple control targets.The paper developed an upper-level controller,a lower-level PID controller,throttle brake switching,and an inverse longitudinal dynamics model.Simulations were conducted under various conditions,and performance evaluation indicators were established to quantitatively analyze multiple targets.The results show that,while ensuring safety,the proposed spacing strategy improves the overall performance of the adaptive cruise control system.Under the time headway of different driving styles,the system exhibits good performance in tracking,comfort and fuel economy.

关 键 词：间距策略 模型预测控制 多目标 自适应巡航控制 驾驶员风格 

分 类 号：U463.6[机械工程—车辆工程]