基于动刚度法的轨道车辆型材结构声振特性仿真分析  

The Vibroacoustic Response of Orthotropic Plate Using the Dynamic Stiffness Method

作　　者：汪宏楠 肖新标[1] 徐治强 周顺元 赵明花 WANG Hongnan;XIAO Xinbiao;XU Zhiqiang;ZHOU Shunyuan;ZHAO Minghua(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;National Innovation Center of High-Speed Train,Qingdao 266111,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]国家高速列车技术创新中心,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《机械》2023年第9期22-30,共9页Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1934203);牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题(TPL2205)。

摘　　要：轨道车辆型材结构声振特性仿真分析通常采用数值方法,计算成本较高。本文将型材结构等效成正交各向异性板,基于动刚度法建立了正交各向异性板的动刚度振动模型,计算分析了正交各向异性板的固有频率和模态振型,以及强迫振动下的振动响应,并验证了计算结果的正确性。接着基于Rayleigh积分公式将动刚度振动模型与空气流体耦合研究了型材结构的声辐射特性,并将等效模型的辐射声压和辐射声功率与混合有限元-边界元模型计算出来的结果进行了对比。计算对比结果表明:该方法可为有效预测型材结构振动声辐射特性提供指导。Numerical methods are usually used to analyze the vibro-acoustic characteristics of extruded structures of railway vehicles,and the calculation cost is high.In this paper,the extruded structure is equivalent to an orthotropic plate.Based on the dynamic stiffness method,the dynamic stiffness vibration model of the orthotropic plate is established.The natural frequency and mode shape of the orthotropic plate and the vibration response under forced vibration are calculated and analyzed,and the correctness of the calculation is verified.Then,based on the Rayleigh integral formula,the dynamic stiffness vibration model is coupled to air and fluid to study the acoustic radiation characteristics of the extruded structures,and the radiated sound pressure and power of the equivalent model are compared with the results obtained from the finite element and boundary element model.The results show that this method can provide guidance for predicting the vibration and acoustic radiation characteristics of the extruded structure effectively.

关 键 词：动刚度法 Rayleigh积分 型材结构 正交各向异性板 振动 声辐射特性 

分 类 号：U271.91[机械工程—车辆工程]