学科建设的自由路径及其限度  

The Free Path of Discipline Construction and Its Limitations

作　　者：施爱东[1,2] SHI Aidong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学文学院,北京100732 [2]中国社会科学院文学研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《民俗研究》2023年第5期70-82,158,共14页Folklore Studies

摘　　要：学科是由相近学术背景的学界同人组成的,学科划分最重要的标志是人而不是研究对象,是主体而不是客体。任何学科界限,都是学科共同体的自我设限,而主体的认识是随社会文化的变迁而变化的,因此任何学科体系都是与时俱进的动态体系。学科建设的关键在于是否能够有效地刺激共同体的学术生产。对于每一个学者来说,无论外部刺激还是内部刺激,都是一种客观存在,既不需要唤醒,也不需要规划。学科共同体学术成绩的总和是学科兴衰的标志,而一个学科的学术生产力主要体现为中青年学者的学术生产力,对于那些精力充沛、以学术为志业的中青年学者来说,只要给他一个能够自由挥洒的学术平台、生长空间,他自然就会茁壮成长,所以说,学科建设的焦点在于为青年学者提供了什么样的学术平台。A discipline is composed of scholars with similar academic backgrounds.The most important criterion for discipline dividing is people rather than research objects,subjects rather than objects.Any disciplinary boundaries are self-imposed by the disciplinary community,and the perception of the subject changes with social and cultural changes.Therefore,any disciplinary system is a dynamic system that keeps pace with the times.The key to discipline construction is whether it can effectively stimulate the academic production of the community.For every scholar,whether it is external or internal stimulation,it is objective that requires neither awakening nor planning.The sum of academic achievements of the disciplinary community is a sign of the rise and fall of the discipline,and the academic productivity of a discipline is mainly reflected in the academic productivity of young and middle-aged scholars.For those energetic young and middle-aged scholars who take academic research as their ambition,given an academic platform and space to grow freely,they will naturally thrive.Therefore,the focus of discipline construction lies in what kind of academic platform can be provided for young scholars.

关 键 词：民俗学 民间文学 学科建设 学术共同体 学术生产力 

分 类 号：I057-4[文学—文学理论] K890-4[历史地理—民俗学] G642.3[历史地理—历史学]