色素成分与理化因子对金花茶花瓣呈色的影响  

Effects of pigment components and physicochemical factors on the color of section Chrysantha

作　　者：王业 闫亚丹 陶依玲 李志辉 梁旺 文亚峰 WANG Ye;YAN Yadan;TAO Yiling;LI Zhihui;LIANG Wang;WEN Yafeng(School of Landscape and Architecture,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Nanning Yellow Camellia Park,Nanning 530022,Guangxi,China;Nanning Qingxiu Mountain Scenic Spot,Nanning 530021,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学风景园林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]南宁市金花茶公园,广西南宁530022 [3]南宁青秀山风景区,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第9期40-52,共13页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划项目(2021NK2009)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析花色素成分及理化因子对金花茶花瓣呈色的影响。【方法】以崇左金花茶Camellia chuongtsoensis、中东金花茶C.achrysantha和小瓣金花茶C.parvipetala盛开期的花瓣为研究材料,采用色差仪测定花色表型,观察花瓣表皮解剖结构,利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术(UPLC-MS/MS)检测花瓣中的类黄酮代谢物,分析温度、光照和金属离子对3种金花茶类黄酮提取液在体外呈色的影响。【结果】1)表型测定结果表明,崇左、中东、小瓣金花茶花色黄度依次降低。花瓣表皮切片分析显示,3种金花茶花瓣表皮细胞中色素含量存在显著差异,与花色表型结果相符。2)3种金花茶花瓣中检测到356种类黄酮代谢物,筛选到295种差异代谢物。K-means聚类分析表明,花色从乳白色到中黄色再到金黄色的变化过程中,有74种差异代谢物含量呈上升趋势,19种呈下降趋势,其中共有11种代谢物注释到KEGG代谢通路。10种关键代谢物与色相b*值呈极显著正相关,其中查耳酮类根皮苷、黄酮类忍冬苷、黄酮醇类槲皮苷、白麻苷和杨梅素是黄色花的重要呈色物质,推测以上5种代谢物与金花茶花瓣黄度加深密切相关。3)理化因子呈色影响试验发现,高温会引起花色素物质的转变以及紫外光引起聚合体的形成,导致花色素提取液吸光值上升;Fe3+和Al3+对花色素提取液具有明显的增色作用,二价金属离子对花色素呈色影响不大;低温和遮光有利于花瓣色素的稳定。【结论】花瓣色素成分、含量及外部理化因子均会影响金花茶花瓣的呈色,类黄酮化合物成分与含量的差异是决定金花茶花色差异的主要因素,其中根皮苷、槲皮苷、白麻苷、杨梅素、忍冬苷是导致金花茶花色黄度差异的重要呈色物质。研究结果可为金花茶花色改良和遗传育种研究提供科学依据。【Objective】In order to study the influence of pigment composition,content and physical-chemical factors on petal color,the petals of Camellia chuongtsoensis,Camellia achrysantha and Camellia parvipetala were used as research materials.【Method】The colorimeter was used for measuring the phenotype parameters and the tissue section method was used to observe the petal epidermal cell.The UPLC-MS/MS method was used for profiling the flavonoids in the petals of nine samples.The effects of temperature,light and metal ions on the flavonoid extracts were explored in vitro.【Result】1)The phenotypic results showed that the yellowness of C.chuongtsoensis was the highest,followed by C.achrysantha and C.parvipetala.The analysis of the petal epidermis showed that there were significant differences in the pigment contents in the epidermal cells of the petals of the three research materials,which was consistent with the phenotypic results.2)A total of 356 flavonoid metabolites were detected,and 295 differential metabolites were screened.The K-means clustering analysis showed during the flower color change from milky white to medium yellow to golden yellow,the contents of 74 differential metabolites showed an upward trend and 19 metabolites showed a downward trend,among which 11 metabolites were annotated to the KEGG pathway.The correlation analysis showed that 10 key metabolites were significantly positively correlated with the b*value,among which Chalcones(Phlorizin),Flavones(Lonicerin),Flavonols(Quercitrin,Baimaside,Myricetin)were important yellow substances.Therefore,we speculated that the 5 metabolites above were closely related to the deepening of the yellowness of Sect.Chrysantha.3)The color factor experiment showed that high temperature caused the transformation of pigment substances and UV light caused the formation of the polymer,which led to the increase in the absorption value of flavonoid extracts.Fe3+and Al3+significantly enhanced the color of flavonoid extracts,while divalent metal ions had little effect.L

关 键 词：金花茶组 花色 类黄酮 UPLC-MS/MS 理化因子 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]