相感与相分的中和:司马光对董仲舒天人感应论的吸收与转化  

Balanced Harmony between Response and Distinction:Sima Guang’s Absorption and Transformation of Dong Zhongshu’s Theory of the Response between Heaven and Man

作　　者：魏涛 WEI Tao(School of History,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学历史学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《衡水学院学报》2023年第5期52-61,共10页Journal of Hengshui University

摘　　要：以司马光为代表的北宋儒者对董仲舒思想的吸收与转化乃是董学史非常重要的一页。司马光身处北宋中期的社会大变革之中,他通过对荀子天人相分思想的借重和中和思想的介入,有效实现了对董仲舒天人感应论的时代性转化,在协调天命与人事的关系上深度体现了对天和人双重有限性的认知,和对天人感应的盲目崇拜与对天人相分的过分笃信,确立了以真正理性的态度审视天命与人事关系问题的典范。同时亦形成了在现实问题上对王安石变法理论基础的撼动。推动中国天人关系理论向着‚天人共济‛的方向发展做出了重要贡献。The absorption and transformation of Dong Zhongshu’s thought by the Confucian scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty represented by Sima Guang is a very important page in the history of the studies on Dong Zhongshu.Living in the period of the great social changes in the middle years of the Northern Song Dynasty,Sima Guang effectively realized the epochal transformation of Dong Zhongshu’s theory of the response between heaven and man by borrowing Xunzi’s thought of the distinction between heaven and man as well as the theory of balanced harmony.This transformation not only deeply reflected his recognition of the dual limitation of heaven and man,the blind worship of the response between heaven and man and the excessive belief in the distinction between heaven and man in coordinating the relationship between the order of heaven and human affairs,but it also established a model of examining the relationship between the order of heaven and human affairs with a truly rational attitude.In addition,it also shook the theoretical foundation of Wang Anshi’s political reform on practical issues and made important contributions to the development of China’s theory of the relationship between heaven and man in the direction of“the mutual assistance between heaven and man”.

关 键 词：董仲舒 司马光 天人相分 天人感应 董学史 

分 类 号：B234.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]