2021年我国饲料原料中常见霉菌毒素污染情况调查  

Investigation of Common Mycotoxins Contamination in Feed Ingredients in China in 2021

作　　者：刘建高 厉学武 彭哲 孙铝辉 赵玲 LIU Jiangao;LI Xuewu;PENG Zhe;SUN Lühui;ZHAO Ling(State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070;Newhope Liuhe Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100102)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学动物科技学院、动物医学院,农业微生物学国家重点实验室,湖北洪山实验室,湖北武汉430070 [2]新希望六和股份有限公司,北京100102

出　　处：《中国家禽》2023年第10期70-75,共6页China Poultry

基　　金：“十四五”科技部重点研发计划(2021YFD1300405);江门市科技计划项目(2020030102870009145)。

摘　　要：为调查2021年我国各省饲料原料中黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)和玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的污染情况,试验分别对从中国不同地区采集的3166、3335和1407个饲料原料样品进行AFB1、DON和ZEN含量检测。结果显示,样品中AFB1、DON和ZEN总污染率分别为79.2%、90.0%和82.2%,分别有6.8%、2.3%和12.2%的样品中AFB1、DON和ZEN浓度超过我国饲料卫生标准。值得注意的是,AFB1在花生粕和菜籽粕中的污染率为100%,其中花生粕中AFB1的超标率高达19.6%;DON在玉米胚芽粕中的超标率为24.0%,ZEN在玉米胚芽粕和玉米蛋白粉中的超标率分别高达56.3%和60.0%。研究表明,在2021年期间,我国饲料原料普遍受到AFB1、DON和ZEN的污染,其中花生粕的AFB1污染情况较为严重,玉米胚芽粕的DON和ZEN污染情况均较为严重,应在霉菌毒素防控中重点关注。This study was conducted to investigate the contamination of aflatoxin B1(AFB1),deoxynivalenol(DON)and zearalenone(ZEN)in feed ingredients in various provinces of China during 2021.A total of 3166,3335 and 1407 feed ingredi⁃ent samples collected from different regions of China were analyzed for AFB1,DON and ZEN concentrations,respectively.The re⁃sults showed that the total contamination rates of AFB1,DON and ZEN in these samples were 79.2%,90.0%and 82.2%;6.8%,2.3%and 12.2%of the samples showed AFB1,DON and ZEN concentrations exceeding Chinese safety standards.Notably,the contamination rate of AFB1 in peanut meal and canola meal was 100%,with the exceedance rate of AFB1 in peanut meal as high as 19.6%;the exceedance rate of DON in corn germ meal was 24.0%,and the exceedance rate of ZEN in corn germ meal and corn protein meal was as high as 56.3%and 60%.The results indicated that feeds in China were generally contaminated with AFB1,DON and ZEN during 2021.The AFB1 contamination of peanut meal was more serious,and both DON and ZEN contamination of corn germ meal are more serious and should be focused on mycotoxin prevention and control.

关 键 词：饲料原料 黄曲霉毒素B1 呕吐毒素 玉米赤霉烯酮 污染情况 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]