何以触发即兴?基于创业者行为的社会学调查研究  

How to Trigger Improvisations?A Sociological Research Based on Entrepreneurs’Daily Behaviors

作　　者：熊立[1] 贾建锋[2] 朱建斌[3] 柳波 Xiong Li;Jia Jianfeng;Zhu Jianbin;Liu Bo(Research Center of Industry Cluster and Enterprise Development,Jiangxi University of Finance&Economics;School of Business&Administration,Northeastern University;School of Business&Administration,Jiangxi University of Finance&Economics)

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学产业集群与企业发展研究中心 [2]东北大学工商管理学院 [3]江西财经大学工商管理学院

出　　处：《南开管理评论》2023年第3期223-232,I0041,I0042,共12页Nankai Business Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72172054);江西省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(JD22020);教育部人文社会科学基金项目(21YJC630143)资助。

摘　　要：在VUCA时代,创业企业如何均衡地提升探索式和开发式即兴水平来增强组织动态活力已成为重要的研究议题。当前双元创业即兴的触发因素研究才刚刚起步,主要探讨的是抽象特征变量,尚未关注到创业者日常行为的影响。本文基于双元性的矛盾理论视角,采用社会学的结构化观察法来探索创业者的哪些行为模式容易触发自身、团队及组织的双元即兴行为。经过对9名快速成长型的中国创客进行为期7天的观察和记录,累计发现951个现象数据,从中提炼出两个职能范畴的7种创业行为模式,包含33种具体操作行为。本研究从操作层面揭示了创业者日常行为与双元创业即兴之间的关系,为创业者提高自身及组织即兴水平提供了指导方案。Entrepreneurial improvisation refers to the high convergence of idea and implementation of entrepreneurs/entrepreneurial teams to quickly reconfigure,integrate and utilize the resources at hand,deal with emergencies spontaneously and creatively,and constantly change to maintain the competitiveness of enterprises in response to a complex and changeable environment.Some scholars have proposed that the action logic of entrepreneurial improvisation should follow the law of ambidexterity,that is,exploratory and exploitative improvisation-the former aims to break through the current situation and quickly search for new resources and ideas;The latter aims to sustain the process and consolidate existing resources on the spot to provide solutions.In today’s VUCA era,how to balance the level of exploratory and exploitative improvisations among startups to enhance organizational dynamics has become an important research topic.At present,research on the trigger factors of entrepreneurial improvisation has just begun,mainly discuss-ing abstract characteristic variables,such as environmental dynamics,experimental culture,etc.,and has not yet paid attention to the impact of the daily behavior of entrepreneurs,and the practical value is thus limited.From another aspect,although the ambidexterity research has been extensively conducted,there is a limited exploration of ambidextrous behavior at the level of entrepreneurs,which leads to insufficient understanding of the behavior model of top level leaders.Therefore,this study proposes an intriguing research question:which daily behavioral patterns of entrepreneurs may trigger ambidextrous improvisations of themselves,their teams,and their organizations?Based on the paradoxical theory of ambidexterity,this study employs a sociological structural observation method to explore which behavioral patterns of entrepreneurs are prone to trigger ambidextrous improvisations of themselves,their teams,and their organiza-tions.Firstly,this study reviews the paradoxical theory of individual am

关 键 词：探索式即兴 开发式即兴 双元创业即兴 创业者 行为模式 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理] C91[经济管理—国民经济]