人工智能时代的品德评价:技术机遇、伦理风险及其规避  

Moral Assessment in the Era of Artificial Intelligence:Technological Opportunities,Ethical Risks,and Its Mitigation

作　　者：班建武 Ban Jianwu(Beijing Normal University&China University of Labor Relations)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学公民与道德教育研究中心 [2]中国劳动关系学院劳动教育学院学术委员会

出　　处：《当代教育科学》2023年第9期3-11,共9页Contemporary Education Sciences

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金一般项目“大中小学思政课相邻学段教学衔接研究”(项目编号:22GLA006)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：品德自身所具有的情境性、稳定性、内隐性等特点,以及品德评价中的诸多伦理困境,使得品德评价比其他评价更为困难。当今时代,人工智能技术的发展为品德评价科学性、操作性的提高带来了技术上的种种可能。人工智能的“第三持存”“数字记忆”“全息摄入”“日常性存在”等特征,可以很大幅度地提升品德评价中数据获取的真实性。同时,人工智能评价的实时性、循证性、精准性对于提升品德评价在教育改进、政策制定、个体发展等方面的效用也具有积极意义。不可忽视的是,人工智能本身在品德评价中的应用,同样存在着诸多需要我们警惕的伦理风险。其中,最大的风险就来源人工智能基于算法所获得的“真”与品德评价所内含的“善”之间所存在的一定张力。规避其中的伦理风险,需要我们做到算法逻辑和价值逻辑的统一、确定性与不确定性之间的结合以及有所为与有所不为的调适。The inherently contextual,stable,and implicit nature of moral character,coupled with numerous ethical dilemmas in moral assessment,renders it more challenging than other forms of evaluation.The advent of the era of artificial intelligence(AI)presents various technological possibili-ties for enhancing the scientific and operational aspects of moral assessment.Features of Al,such as“third-person storage,”“digital memory,”“holistic intake,”and“daily existence”,can greatly im-prove the authenticity of data acquisition in moral assessment.Furthermore,the real-time,evidence-based,and precision aspects of AI assessment hold positive implications for enhancing the utility of moral assessment in education improvement,policy-making,individual development,and other areas.However,it is essential to recognize the ethical risks associated with Al's application in moral as-sessment,among which the most significant risk arises from the tension between AI's algorithmically derived“truth”and the inherent“good”in moral assessment.To mitigate these ethical risks,we must unify algorithmic logic and value logic,combine certainty and uncertainty,and find a balance between what can be done and what can not be done.

关 键 词：人工智能 品德评价 算法逻辑 伦理风险 

分 类 号：G410[文化科学—教育学]