稻壳粉发酵饲料生产工艺参数优化及其营养成分变化  

Optimization of fermentation parameters for fermented feed production based on rice husk meal and variation in nutrients of the feed

作　　者：程彦茗 范阳 毛胜勇[1] 丁立人[1] CHENG Yanming;FAN Yang;MAO Shengyong;DING Liren(College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2023年第9期30-36,共7页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

摘　　要：旨在优化基于稻壳粉为主要原料生产发酵饲料的工艺参数,同时分析发酵前后其营养成分的变化。选用以植物乳杆菌、枯草芽胞杆菌和酿酒酵母混合发酵由稻壳粉、玉米粉和豆粕粉组成的稻壳粉饲料,并利用正交试验设计不同的接种混合菌比例和发酵条件,根据发酵后稻壳粉饲料的pH值、活菌数、纤维素、半纤维素、酸性洗涤木质素、乳酸和挥发性脂肪酸含量等指标,筛选出混合菌固态发酵稻壳粉饲料的最优工艺。结果表明混合菌发酵稻壳粉饲料的最佳工艺条件为:3株试验菌的混合接种比例为植物乳杆菌∶枯草芽胞杆菌∶酿酒酵母菌=1∶2∶2;菌液接种量为7%,发酵温度为25℃,发酵时间为96 h。与发酵前相比,发酵稻壳粉饲料质地松软,气味酸香,pH值显著下降(P<0.01);酸溶蛋白含量和粗脂肪分别提高了109.30%和69.17%。结果表明,经过植物乳杆菌、枯草芽胞杆菌和酿酒酵母菌混菌发酵能够有效提高稻壳粉饲料的营养价值和潜在的饲喂价值。The experiment was conducted to optimize the fermentation parameters for fermented feed production based on rice husk meal and to identify nutrient variation in the feed.Three probiotic strains(Lactobacillus plantarum,Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae)were chosen to ferment rice husk meal.An orthogonal test was used to screen the inoculation ratio of the three strains and optimal fermentation conditions.The screening criterion was based on the pH,viable bacteria,cellulose,hemicellulose,acid detergent lignin,lactate,and volatile fatty acid concentration of the fermented rice husk meal.The results suggested the optimal conditions for solid-state fermentation of rice husk meal as follows:The ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum∶Bacillus subtilis∶Saccharomyces cerevisiae in inoculation is 1∶2∶2,the inoculation amount was 7%,the fermentation temperature was 25℃,and the fermentation time was 96 h.The fermented feed presented soft texture and accedes,and a significantly lower pH value.The acid insoluble protein content and crude fat increased by 109.30%and 69.17%,respectively.In conclusion,the mixed fermentation of Lactobacillus plantarum,Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae effectively raaised the nutritional value and feed value of rice husk meal feeds.

关 键 词：稻壳粉 混菌发酵 固态发酵 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]