情深而文明:先秦儒家祭祖礼仪及其借鉴价值  

Deep Love and Civilization:Pre-Qin Confucian Ancestor Worship Ritual and Its Value for Reference

作　　者：陈延斌[1,2] 王伟 Chen Yanbin;Wang Wei

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学中华家文化研究院,江苏徐州221116 [2]黄河科技学院中华文化传承发展研究院,河南郑州450006 [3]山东大学儒学高等研究院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《中州学刊》2023年第10期113-118,共6页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

摘　　要：自先秦时代以来,祭祀就贯穿着中国人的整个社会生活,与战争一同被视为关系到国家存亡兴废的家国大事。据现有儒家典籍记载,先秦祭祖礼仪主要包括丧祭、时享、祫禘三类。宗庙是进行祭祀活动的主要场所,在少数特定情况下,墓祭也是被允许的。儒家肯定人内心的真情实感,认为人们因哀痛思慕而制定祭礼。“称情立文”与“立中节制”是儒家祭祖礼仪立制的两个主要原则。礼是表达内心真情实感的外在形式,诚与敬是践履祭礼的两个核心要求。儒家祭祖礼仪以涵养个体道德情感与构建人文主义信仰为两大价值指归,这对当下公民道德修养与社会伦理文明建设有着重要的借鉴意义。Since the pre-Qin era,sacrifice has permeated the whole social life,and together with war,it has been regarded as a national event,which is related to the survival and decline of the country.According to the existing Confucian classics,the etiquette of ancestor worship in the pre-Qin period mainly included three categories:Sangji(丧祭),Shixiang(时享)and Xiadi(祫禘).The ancestral temple was the main place for sacrificial activities,and in a few specific circumstances,sacrificial offerings near the tomb were also allowed.Confucians affirmed the true feelings of people and believed that people made sacrifices because of their grief and yearning.The two main principles of the Confucian ritual of ancestor worship were“expressing emotion and establishing culture”and“establishing moderation”.Ritual is the external form of expressing the true feelings of the heart.“Sincerity”and“respect”are the two core requirements of performing the ritual.The Confucian ancestor worship etiquette takes the cultivation of individual moral feelings and the construction of humanistic beliefs as two major values,which has an important reference significance for the current construction of civic morality and ethical civilization.

关 键 词：儒家祭礼 情感 诚 敬 人文信仰 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]