清至民国滇黔毗邻区花苗群体之形象建构与国家认同  

Image Construction and National Identification of Hua Miao in Yunnan⁃Guizhou Adjacent Areas from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China

作　　者：黄秀蓉[1] 潘源 Huang Xiurong;Pan Yuan

机构地区：[1]西南大学历史文化学院民族学院,400715

出　　处：《中国边疆史地研究》2023年第3期50-63,241,242,共16页China's Borderland History and Geography Studies

基　　金：2022年国家社科基金冷门绝学专项基金项目“石门坎苗文文献收集整理与研究”(22VJXG029)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：滇黔毗邻区的花苗群体是苗族的一个支系,清朝汉族士大夫把这一群体建构成一个与华夏有着巨大差异的“蛮夷”形象。民国时期汉族知识分子强调花苗群体与华夏的“同源”性,是中国民族的一部分。清末民国时期,西方传教士建构的是一个被“拯救”而获得精神自由与新生的花苗群体形象,亦为中国之一部分。民国时期的第一代花苗知识分子,在自我族群形象的建构中,既认识到本族群的不足,又意识到本族群的优势,自我归类为中华民族的一部分,表达出强烈的国家认同情感。滇黔毗邻区花苗群体形象的历史演变与多维呈现,其国家认同情感的逐渐强化,展现了滇黔毗邻区花苗群体伴随王朝国家向现代国家转型的演变过程。Hua Miao in Yunnan-Guizhou adjacent areas is a subgroup of Miao.The Han scholar-officials of the Qing Dynasty constructed them as“barbarian”that was very different from the Han people During the period of the Republic of China,the Han intellectuals emphasized the“homology”between Hua Miao and the Han people,considering Hua Miao was a part of the Chinese nation.During the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,Western missionaries constructed an image of Hua Miao that were“saved”and gained spiritual freedom and new life,which was also a part of China.In the Republic of China,the first generation of Hua Miao intellectuals constructed the image of their own people,not only realized the shortcomings of their people,but also realized the advantages of them,and self-classified as a part of the Chinese Nation.At the same time,they expressed strong feelings of Chinese national identification.The historical evolution and multi-dimensional presentation of the image of Hua Miao in Yunnan-Guizhou adjacent area,and the gradual strengthening of their national identification,showed the historical process of this group's development and gradual integration into the multi-ethnic country since the Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：滇黔毗邻区 花苗群体 形象建构 族群认同 国家认同 

分 类 号：D693.72[政治法律—政治学] K249[政治法律—中外政治制度] D691.72[历史地理—历史学] K258[历史地理—中国史]