母亲孕期焦虑状态对幼儿情绪社会化发展的影响  

The effect of maternal anxiety during pregnaney on the social-emotional development anong toddlers

作　　者：许占斌 倪钰飞[1] 徐小晶 顾秋燕 江琤琤 王飞英[1] 何莉 XU Zhanbin;NI Yufei;XU Xiaojing;GU Qiuyan;JIANG Chengcheng;WANG Feiying;HE Li(Child Health Section,Afiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University,Nantong(226018),Jiangsu Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南通大学附属妇幼保健院儿童保健科,江苏226018 [2]南通市中心血站综合科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第9期1370-1372,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：南通市卫生健康委面上项目(MS2022075,MSZ2023058);南通大学临床专项项目(2022LY015)。

摘　　要：目的探讨母亲孕期焦虑状态对1~3岁幼儿情绪社会化发展的影响,为生命早期科学育儿及情绪社会化发育异常儿童早期干预提供参考依据。方法于2022年9月—2023年3月收集南通市妇幼保健院健康体检的815名1~3岁幼儿及幼儿母亲为研究对象,采用中国幼儿社会情绪评价量表(CITSEA)评估幼儿情绪社会化能力,同时调取幼儿母亲孕期体检焦虑状态评估报告,母亲孕期体检采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)评估焦虑状态。结果全体幼儿CITSEA外显行为域、内隐行为域、失调域和能力域得分分别为(49.40±9.48,47.42±9.60,48.67±10.15,50.07±10.20)分,其中男童外显行为域得分(50.89±9.45)高于女童(48.76±9.50)、能力域得分(49.22±10.30)低于女童(51.17±9.84),差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.10,-3.03,P值均<0.05);外显行为域、内隐行为域、失调域和能力域异常检出率分别为7.36%,7.12%,7.61%,7.24%,其中男童分别为8.43%,6.32%,7.96%,7.49%,女童分别为6.19%,7.99%,7.22%,6.96%,不同性别异常率比较差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为1.50,0.85,0.16,0.09,P值均>0.05)。母亲孕期不同焦虑状态(正常、轻度、中重度)幼儿外显行为域得分(47.77±9.52,49.56±8.95,52.51±9.77)、能力域得分(51.70±10.38,49.65±10.05,46.68±10.03)差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为7.05,7.10,P值均<0.01);母亲孕期不同期焦虑状态幼儿外显行为域、能力域异常检出率(4.81%,7.54%,11.17%;4.81%,6.96%,11.73%)差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为6.60,7.98,P值均<0.05)。结论母亲孕期焦虑状态对幼儿情绪社会化发展具有不利影响。应提供多维度社会支持,关注孕期家庭环境和教育,改善儿童情绪社会化水平。Objective To explore the impact of maternal anxiety during pregnancy on social-emotional development of toddlers aged 1-3 year old,so as to provide references for scientific early parenting and early intervention for toddlers with social-emotional difficulties.Methods From September 2022 to March 2023,a total of 815 toddlers aged 1-3 who underwent physical examinations and their mothers at Nantong Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled.The Chinese Infant Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment(CITSEA)was used to evaluate the social-emotional ability among toddlers.Maternal anxiety evaluated using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)during prenatal visit was collected.Results The average scores on the externalizing,intermalizing,dysregulation and competence domains of the CITSEA were(49.40±9.48,47.42±9.60,48.67±10.15,50.07±10.20),respectively.Among boys,the score of externalizing domain(50.89±9.45)was higher than that of girls(48.76±9.50),while the score of compe-tence domain(49.22±10.30)was lower than that of girls(51.17±9.84),and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.10,-3.03,P<0.05).The detection rates of abnormalities in the externalizing,internalizing,dysregulation,and competence domains were 7.36%,7.12%,7.61%,and 7.24%,respectively.Among them,boys(8.43%,6.32%,7.96%,7.49%)and girls(6.19%,7.99%,7.22%,6.96%)showed no statistical differences(χ^(2)=1.50,0.85,0.16,0.09,P>0.05).There were significant differences in externalizing domain scores(47.77±9.52,49.56±8.95,52.51±9.77)and competence domain scores(51.70±10.38,49.65±10.05,46.68±10.03)among toddlers of different maternal anxiety(normal,mild,moderate to severe)(F=7.05,7.10,P<0.01).There were significant differences in the abnormal detection rate of externalizing domain(4.81%,7.54%,11.17%)and competence do-main(4.81%,6.96%,11.73%)(χ^(2)=6.60,7.98,P<0.05).Conclusion Maternal anxiety during pregnancy has a negative impact on the social-emotional development among toddlers.In order to improve social-emotional development of toddl

关 键 词：受孕期 母亲 焦虑 情绪 精神卫生 儿童 学龄前 

分 类 号：B441.1[哲学宗教—外国哲学] G78[文化科学—教育学] R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]