从“占有”到“创生”:新课标视域下中小学教学的范式转型  

From“Possession”to“Generation”:The Transformation and Implementation of Teaching Paradigm in Primary and Secondary Schools from the Perspective of New Curriculum Standard

作　　者：韩雪童 HAN Xuetong(College of Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学教育学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《教师教育学报》2023年第6期87-96,共10页Journal of Teacher Education

摘　　要：2022年义务教育“新课标”对核心素养的聚焦,迫使教学必须实现转型。当前,“占有”为本的教学,因其简化取向的知识观、存储取向的学习观、灌输取向的教学观,以及直接性的概念传递,致使学生停留于符号识记,从而难以激活诗性想象、无法涵育情感理解、未能培养实践能力。而“创生”为本的教学,则以复杂取向的知识观、探究取向的学习观、适性取向的教学观,通过间接性的活动体验,促进个性潜能的激活、价值意义的深化、综合素质的建构。因此,从“占有”到“创生”的范式转向,是孕育核心素养的必然之举。为突破头脑对符号信息机械识记的桎梏,教师可采取如下策略:通过问题情境的营造,激活研究兴趣;通过知识系统的组建,提供探险资源;通过线索暗示的埋藏,导引复演历程;通过精彩表现的捕捉,延展创造空间。The focus and prominence of key competencies in the new curriculum standard for compulsory education in 2022 urgently requires reformation of instructing and learning.At present,possession-based instructing and learning,because of its reducing-oriented view of knowledge,storing-oriented view of learning,irrigating-oriented view of teaching,through transferring objective concepts directly,making students being stuck in symbols memorization,which is hard to active poetic imagination,to cultivate emotional understanding,and to develop practical ability.Generation-oriented instructing and learning,with its knowledge view of complex orientation,learning view of inquiring orientation and teaching view of adjustable orientation,helps students to experience activities indirectly,and promotes the burns of individual potential,the situation of valuable meaning and the construction of comprehensive qualities.The transformation from“symbolic possession”to“practical generation”is the effective approach to guide the cultivation of core literacy.In order to go beyond the shackles of memorizing symbolic information in minds,teachers could take following strategies:building problem-based surroundings to arouse researching intention,constructing knowledge system to provide exploring resources,hinting the buried clues to guide the re-finding process,capturing excellent perfor-mance to extend the space of innovation.

关 键 词：核心素养 教学范式 符号占有 实践创生 范式转型 

分 类 号：G420[文化科学—课程与教学论]