多筒式CPTU探头的研究  

Research on Multi-Cylinder CPTU Probe

作　　者：盛清河 裘国华 李青 郑国垄 王浩 陶春辉 周建平 SHENG Qinghe;QIU Guohua;LI Qing;ZHENG Guolong;WANG Hao;TAO Chunhui;ZHOU Jianping(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018,China;College of Information Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018,China;Second Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310061,China;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Quality Big Data Traceability and Application,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Disaster Monitoring Technology and Instruments,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学机电工程学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]中国计量大学信息工程学院,浙江杭州310018 [3]自然资源部第二海洋研究所,浙江杭州310061 [4]浙江省智能制造质量大数据溯源与应用重点实验室,浙江杭州310018 [5]灾害监测技术与仪器国家地方联合工程研究中心,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《传感技术学报》2023年第9期1344-1351,共8页Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C03016)。

摘　　要：锥尖阻力是静力触探技术的一项重要参数,对土分类和土层划分起着重要作用,准确的锥尖阻力值能够直观地区分不同类型的土如粘土、砂土等。对比分析了现有的CPT技术,发现对海底淤泥、粘土和砂土混叠的软硬土层中的软土层探测灵敏度不高,因此研制了一款多筒式CPTU探头。通过内筒和中筒的“双筒”结构对锥尖阻力进行测量,同时具有高灵敏度和大量程的优点,能够同时测量浅海的软土区及深海的硬土区。利用模拟平台对所设计的探头进行实验,使用测量电路对应力传感器构成的全桥电路进行测量,对测得数据进行卡尔曼滤波、曲线拟合、系统辨识等处理。实验结果表明,内筒的灵敏度最高,适合对软土层进行测量,且测量软土的量程随着内中筒的高度差变化而变化,中筒量程大,适合对硬土层进行测量。所设计的探头在60 ms内进入稳态且超调量小于1%,因此具有灵敏度高、量程大、快速响应、超调量小等优点,满足相关勘察工作的要求。同时多筒式结构为解决传感器中量程与灵敏度不可兼得的问题提供研究思路。Cone tip resistance is an important parameter of static penetration technology,which plays an important role in soil classification and soil layer division.The accurate cone tip resistance value can intuitively distinguish different types of soil such as clay and sand.The existing CPT technology is compared and analyzed,and it is found that the detection sensitivity of the soft soil layer in the soft and hard soil layer mixed with seabed silt,clay and sand is not high.Therefore,a multi-cylinder CPTU probe is developed.The cone tip resistance is measured through the“dual-cylinder”structure of the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder,which has the advantages of high sensitivity and large range,and can simultaneously measure the soft soil area in the shallow sea and the hard soil area in the deep sea.The designed probe is tested on the simulation platform,the measurement circuit is used to measure the full-bridge circuit composed of the stress sensor,and the measured data is processed by Kalman filter,curve fitting,and system identification.The experimental results show that the inner cylinder has the highest sensitivity and is suitable for measuring soft soil layers,the measurement range of soft soil changes with the height difference of the inner cylinder,and the middle cylinder has a large range and is suitable for measuring hard soil layers.The designed probe enters a steady state within 60 ms and the overshoot is less than 1%,so it has the advantages of high sensitivity,large range,fast response,and small overshoot,which meets the requirements of relevant survey work.At the same time,the multi-cylinder structure provides a research idea for solving the problem that the sensor can not have both large range and high sensitivity.

关 键 词：CPTU 多筒式结构 应力传感器 卡尔曼滤波 系统辨识 

分 类 号：TH763[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]