嗓音启动时间对汉语与非汉语母语塞音范畴化知觉的影响  

The Influence of Voice Onset Time on Categorization Perception of Plosives in Native and Non-native Chinese Speakers

作　　者：陆灵犀 陈梁杰 晋杨平 LU Lingxi;CHEN Liangjie;JIN Yangping(Center for the Cognitive Science of Language,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China;School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学语言认知科学学科创新引智基地,北京100083 [2]北京大学心理与认知科学学院,北京100871

出　　处：《心理技术与应用》2023年第11期641-649,共9页Psychology(Techniques and Applications)

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目(21YYC010)。

摘　　要：采用心理物理的实验方法通过改变嗓音启动时间对汉语和非汉语母语者的塞音范畴化特点进行研究。实验结果表明,汉语与非汉语母语者在塞音判别的50%感知阈限水平并不存在差异。但斜率分析发现,汉语母语者在阈限附近对嗓音启动时间变化更为敏感,即符合塞音范畴化的特性;而非汉语母语者中并未发现这一现象,他们在嗓音启动时间变化导致塞音判断的改变模式上更为平缓。上述结果说明汉语母语者和非汉语母语者在塞音范畴化感知上存在差异,后者可能对辨别塞音的嗓音启动时间线索更不敏感。未来在以汉语为第二语言的教学中需要注重这一现象。This study investigated the categorical perception of plosives in native and non-native Chinese speakers by manipulating Voice Onset Time(VOT)using a psychophysical experimental paradigm.The results showed no difference between native and non-native Chinese speakers in their 50%perceptual threshold for plosive discrimination.Slope analysis revealed that native speakers were more sensitive to VOT changes near the threshold,consistent with the characteristics of categorical perception of plosives.However,this phenomenon was not observed among non-native speakers,as their pattern of plosive judgments due to VOT variation was smoother.These findings highlight differences in plosive perception between native and nonnative Chinese speakers,with non-natives being less sensitive to VOT cues for distinguishing plosives.This phenomenon should be taken into account in future Chinese language teaching for non-native speakers.

关 键 词：嗓音起始时间 范畴化知觉 塞音感知 语言背景 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]