2021年杭州市部分城区中小学生近视现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of myopia prevalence and influencing factors among primary and secondary school students in Hangzhou urban area in 2021

作　　者：李婉月 王强[1] 芮赋蓉 谢佳佁 沈樱澈 谌容[1] LI Wanyue;WANG Qiang;RUI Furong;XIE Jiayi;SHEN Yingche;CHEN Rong(School of Public Health,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学公共卫生学院,浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《健康研究》2023年第5期514-518,共5页Health Research

基　　金：杭州师范大学本科生创新能力提升工程项目。

摘　　要：目的了解杭州市部分城区中小学生近视患病率现状及影响因素,为中小学生近视防控提供参考依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法抽取2021年杭州市两个城区中小学生进行问卷调查,采用二元Logistic回归分析探究影响近视的相关因素。结果共调查946名中小学生,近视患病率为59%;女生近视患病率(64.3%)高于男生(52.8%),高中学生近视患病率(83.8%)高于小学(47.2%)和初中(72.5%),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。二元Logistics回归分析发现,女性、高年级学段、父亲或母亲近视、线上教育时每日使用电子产品上课时间为2~4 h是中小学生近视的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论杭州市部分城区中小学生的近视患病率仍然处于高位,应加强中小学生近视防控工作,重点人群为女性、高年级学段和父母存在近视的学生,注意对不良用眼习惯、长时间近距离用眼及使用电子产品等引起近视的危险因素的干预。Objective To investigate the incidence of myopia among primary and secondary school students in urban areas of Hangzhou and to analyse its determinants as a basis for combating the disease among students in these schools.Methods The study employed the cluster random sampling technique to select questionnaire survey respondents from primary and secondary schools in two urban districts of Hangzhou in 2021.The data obtained underwent binary logistic regression analysis to shed light on the factors key to the development of myopia.Results A total of 946 primary and secondary school students were surveyed,and the incidence of myopia was found to be 59%;the incidence of myopia in girls(64.3%)was higher than that in boys(52.8%),and the prevalence in high school students(83.8%)was higher than that in primary school students(47.2%)and junior high school students(72.5%),all of which were statistically significant(all P<0.001).Binary logistic regression analyses identified risk factors for myopia in primary and secondary school students(P<0.05),including being female,being in the upper grades,parental myopia,reading and writing after dark using both roof and desk lamps or using roof lamps only,and using electronic devices for 2-4 hours of online learning.Conclusions The prevalence of myopia amongst primary and secondary school students in certain urban areas of Hangzhou remains high,and preventative measures for myopia in these students should be enhanced.A particular focus should be given to female students,those in higher school year groups,and those with a family history of myopia.Special attention is required to intervene in risk factors such as poor eye habits,extended near work,and electronic device usage.

关 键 词：中小学学生 近视 影响因素 

分 类 号：R-1[医药卫生]