惠栋易学的气论哲学向度——兼议《易微言》是否影响过戴震思想之争  

The Philosophical Dimension of Qi Theory in Hui Dong’s Changes Learning:With a Discussion of the Influence of Hui’s Sublime Words on the Changes on Dai Zhen

作　　者：姚彬彬[1] Wang Xiaonong(译) Yao Binbin(the Center for Traditional Chinese Culture at Wuhan University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中国传统文化研究中心,湖北武汉430072 [2]the School of Foreign Languages at Ludong University

出　　处：《孔学堂》2023年第2期91-99,I0096-I0109,共23页Confucian Academy

基　　金：2021年度国家社科基金后期资助一般项目“《周易》诠释与清代新义理学的思想源流”(项目批准号:21FZXB015)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：清儒惠栋平生对汉代象数易学进行全面梳理考掘,但后世不少学者认为他在哲学义理方面无所成就。通过爬梳惠栋有关著作中的思想,可见他在接受汉易卦气说的同时,亦以汉儒“以气为元”的本体观念为哲学向度,并立足于此反思宋学的“天理”说,其义理观点非常明确且颇具特色。钱穆曾提出惠栋的《易微言》影响戴震思想之形成,此说迄今仍有争议。通过辨析二家著作体例和义理思考指向的相似性,及戴震本人思想转向的时间线索,乃至惠栋和戴震在气论哲学取向上的一致性,可证此说应能被谨慎接受。Although Qing Confucian Hui Dong surveyed and probed the Han dynasty image–number school of Changes learning in a comprehensive manner,many later scholars still argued that he made few achievements in philosophical principles.From a review of Hui’s ideas in his works,it can be concluded that he not only subscribed to the guaqi theory developed in Han Changes learning,but also oriented his thought around Han Confucians’ontological idea of“qi as the origin.”On this basis,he re ected on the theory of Heavenly principle in the Song dynasty,and proposed a clear philosophical position with its own characteristics.Qian Mu believed that Hui’s Sublime Words on the Changes in uenced Dai Zhen in the development of Dai’s own philosophy,but this opinion remains controversial.By analyzing the similarities between Hui’s and Dai’s writing styles and the orientations of their philosophical conceptions,the chronological evidence of a turn in Dai’s thought,as well as the common ground shared in their philosophical orientation of qi theory,this paper concludes that Qian’s opinion can be accepted with caution.

关 键 词：惠栋 气论 卦气 本体论 天理 戴震 

分 类 号：B221[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B249.6