基于ISTA测试研究电商包装对莲雾货架品质的影响  

Effects of different E-commerce packages based on ISTA test on the shelf quality of wax apples

作　　者：韦婉琪 李宝庆 赵通 程赤云 张娜 邓浩[2] 阎瑞香 WEI Wanqi;LI Baoqing;ZHAO Tong;CHENG Chiyun;ZHANG Na;DENG Hao;YAN Ruixiang(College of Light Industry Science and Engineering,Tianjin University of Science&Technology,Tianjin 300222,China;Institute of Argo-Products of Processing and Design,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable Cold-chain of Hainan Province/Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Tree Biology of Hainan Province,Haikou 570100,China;National Engineering Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products,Key Laboratory of Storage of Agricultural Products,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin Key Laboratory ofPostharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,天津300222 [2]海南省农业科学院农产品加工与设计研究所,海南省热带果蔬冷链重点实验室,海南省热带果树生物学实验室,海口570100 [3]国家农产品保鲜工程技术研究中心(天津),农业农村部农产品贮藏保鲜重点实验室,天津市农产品采后生理与贮藏重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2023年第15期276-283,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：天津市科技支撑重点项目(20YFZCSN00620);海南省热带果蔬冷链研究重点实验室开发项目(HAAS2022PT0107);大学生创新训练项目(202310057017)。

摘　　要：莲雾果实皮薄肉脆,采后流通中极易产生机械损伤,严重影响果实货架品质。为了维持莲雾在物流运输中的货架品质,减少机械损伤,该研究基于ISTA 6-AMAZON.COM-SIOC TYPE A(ISTA 6A)测试标准模拟4种常用电商包装方式下(P1:瓦楞纸箱+单层网套、P2:瓦楞纸箱+双层网套、P3:瓦楞纸箱+发泡聚乙烯(expanded polyethylene,EPE)内衬和P4:泡沫箱+双层网套)莲雾果实的运输情况,并分析模拟测试后莲雾货架期(15℃,8 d)品质变化规律。结果表明,当外包装相同,缓冲形式不同时,双层网套(P2)组莲雾果实呼吸强度变化最为平缓,果皮亮度值为最低值32.86,果肉褐变指数(browning index,BI)与单层网套和EPE内衬相比上升了62.35%,其上升速率最慢,丙二醛含量(malondialdehyde,MDA)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)活性和多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)活性始终处于较低水平,货架品质显著好于单层网套(P1)和EPE内衬(P3)(P<0.05),原因在于单层网套的缓冲保护作用较弱,而EPE内衬阻碍果实呼吸热量散失和水分扩散,导致货架后期莲雾呼吸增加,品质严重下降;当缓冲形式相同,外包装不同时,瓦楞纸箱(P2)与泡沫箱(P4)处理组对莲雾果实呼吸强度、BI值、抗氧化相关酶活性等货架品质相关指标的影响无显著差异(P<0.05)。由此可得,在外包装具有足够支撑性能条件下,双层网套作为缓冲包装不仅能够将振动能量均匀地分布于整个果实,减小机械损伤,而且有利于莲雾自身呼吸热散失,抑制抗氧化相关酶活性,维持果实货架品质。研究结果为进一步完善莲雾电商物流保鲜技术提供理论支撑和技术参考。The wax apple is one of the most popular fruits in Southeast Asia areas.However,the thin skin and fragile flesh are highly susceptible to mechanical damage during post harvesting,leading to the serious shelf quality of the fruits.This study aims to reduce the mechanical damage for better shelf quality of wax apples in the logistics and transport.The ISTA 6-AMAZON.COM-SIOC TYPE A(ISTA 6A)test standard was used to simulate the transportation of wax apples.Four types of common e-commerce packaging were set,P1:corrugated box+single-layer foam net,P2:corrugated box+double-layer foam net,P3:corrugated box+expanded polyethylene(EPE)liner,and P4:foam box+double-layer foam net.A systematic analysis was made to explore the quality change of wax apples during the shelf life(15℃,8 d)after the test.The results showed that better shelf quality was achieved in the wax apples under the double-layer foam net(P2)group using the same outer packaging and the different cushioning type,compared with the single-layer foam net(P1)and EPE liner(P3).Specifically,the respiration intensity of wax apples was the most moderate,the value of skin brightness L*was the lowest value at 32.86,the Browning Index(BI)of fruit flesh increased by 62.35%,and the rate of increase was the slowest.There were always low levels in the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA),peroxidase(POD)and polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activities.The behavior was attributed to the weak cushioning and protective performance of single-layer foam net.At the same time,the EPE liner hindered the heat loss and water diffusion of respiratory energy from the fruits.Using the same cushioning type and the different outer packaging,there was no significant difference in the impact of corrugated box(P2)and foam box(P4)groups on the related indexes of shelf quality,such as the respiratory intensity,BI value,and antioxidant-related enzyme activity of wax apples.Among them,better shelf quality was found in the double-layer foam net(P2)group,due to the less severe degree of mechanical damage and the

关 键 词：ISTA测试 电商包装 莲雾 货架品质 褐变 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]