发展性阅读障碍者的记忆缺陷:认知策略匮乏与记忆系统缺陷  

Memory deficits in people with developmental dyslexia:cognitive strategy deficiency and memory system deficits

作　　者：邢强[1] 李佩瑾 XING Qiang;LI Peijin(Department of Education,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong Province,China;Hengshan Center Primary School,Lianzhou Town,Doumen District,Zhuhai 519100,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学教育学院,广州510006 [2]珠海市斗门区莲洲镇横山中心小学,珠海519100

出　　处：《教育生物学杂志》2023年第5期402-408,421,共8页Journal of Bio-education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题(BBA200033)。

摘　　要：发展性阅读障碍者在记忆任务上表现得较差,国内外学者用记忆的“无效策略”和“功能缺陷”两种假说对这一现象进行了解释。前者认为发展性阅读障碍者存在认知策略相关功能的缺陷(如执行功能和元认知),后者则认为发展性阅读障碍者存在记忆系统功能上的缺陷。该文对发展性阅读障碍记忆研究的相关文献进行了分类梳理,提出未来可以尝试采用纵向与横向结合的研究方式,进一步加深对汉语发展性阅读障碍元认知功能、心理理论发展特点及其他记忆领域的研究,明确发展性阅读障碍者的缺陷特征,为后期的干预指导提供帮助。Many studies have found that developmental dyslexia behaves poorly on memory tasks,so scholars at home and abroad use two hypotheses,“invalid strategy”and“functional deficiency”,to explain this phenomenon.The former thinks developmental dyslexia has functional deficits related to reading strategies(such as executive function and metacognition),while the latter believes that people with developmental dyslexia have deficits in the memory system.This article classified the literature about developmental dyslexia in memory field.Future researchers can try to adopt the research method which combines both vertical and horizontal perspectives,further deepen the Chinese developmental dyslexia research in the field of metacognitive functions,features of theory of mind development,and other areas of memory,identify the deficit characteristics of people with developmental dyslexia,and then provide help for later intervention guidance.

关 键 词：发展性阅读障碍 记忆 认知策略 元认知 执行功能 

分 类 号：G760[文化科学—特殊教育学]