槲皮素对高脂饲料饲养青鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力、脂代谢和肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of Quercetin on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, LipidMetabolism and Intestinal Flora of Black Carp( Mylopharyngodon piceus ) Fed High-Fat Diets

作　　者：王婷 陈景龙 靳杰豪 明建华[1] 邵仙萍[1] 杨霞[1] 叶金云[1] 吴成龙[1] WANG Ting;CHEN Jinglong;JIN Jiehao;MING Jianhua;SHAO Xianping;YANG Xia;YE Jinyun;WU Chenglong(Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Breeding and Nutrition,College of Life Science,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院生命科学学院,水生动物繁育与营养国家地方联合工程实验室,浙江省水生生物资源养护与开发技术研究重点实验室,湖州313000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第10期6598-6613,共16页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-45);湖州市公益性技术应用重点项目(2020GZ09);浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGN20C190006)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究槲皮素对高脂饲料饲养青鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力、脂代谢和肠道菌群的影响。试验选取540尾初体质量为(10.57±0.41)g的青鱼幼鱼,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼。6组青鱼分别饲喂正常脂肪饲料(NFD组,5%粗脂肪)、高脂饲料(HFD组,15%粗脂肪)以及分别在高脂饲料中添加300、600、900和1200 mg/kg槲皮素的饲料。试验期8周。结果表明:1)与NFD组相比,高脂饲料降低青鱼生长性能,造成机体氧化应激损伤、脂质代谢紊乱、肝脏和肠道组织病理学异常以及肠道菌群失调。2)与HFD组相比,高脂饲料中添加600和900 mg/kg槲皮素显著提高青鱼增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)和存活率(SR)(P<0.05),显著降低饲料系数(FCR)、肝体指数(HSI)和肥满度(CF)(P<0.05)。通过折线模型拟合得出,当高脂饲料中槲皮素添加量为597.13 mg/kg时,青鱼可获得最大WGR。3)与HFD组相比,高脂饲料中添加600 mg/kg槲皮素显著提高青鱼肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P<0.05),而且槲皮素添加组肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著降低(P<0.05)。4)与HFD组相比,高脂饲料中添加900 mg/kg槲皮素显著降低青鱼血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和游离脂肪酸(NEFA)含量(P<0.05)。5)与HFD组相比,高脂饲料中添加600~1200 mg/kg槲皮素可改善高脂诱导引起的肝细胞空泡化、细胞核溶解或消失等病理症状,同时显著提高肠道绒毛高度(P<0.05)。6)与HFD组相比,高脂饲料中添加600~900 mg/kg槲皮素可提高肠道菌群的alpha多样性,但各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。在门和属水平上,高脂饲料中添加槲皮素提高了有益菌门(属)厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、乳球菌属(Lactococcus)和红杆菌属(Rhodobacter)的相对丰度,降低了有害或潜在有害菌门(属)变形菌门(ProteobacterThis experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of quercetin on growth performance,antioxidant capacity,lipid metabolism and intestinal flora of black carp(Mylopharyngodon piceus)fed high-fat diets.A total of 540 juvenile black carp with an initial body weight of(10.57±0.41)g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate.The fish in the 6 groups were fed a normal-fat diet(NFD group,5%ether extract),a high-fat diet(HFD group,15%ether extract),and the high-fat diets supplemented with 300,600,900 and 1200 mg/kg quercetin,respectively.The trial lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)compared with NFD group,the high-fat diet decreased the growth performance of black carp,resulting in oxidative stress injury,lipid metabolism disorder,liver and intestinal histopathological abnormalities and intestinal flora disorder.2)Compared with HFD group,the supplementation of 600 and 900 mg/kg quercetin in high-fat diets significantly increased the weight gain rate(WGR),specific growth rate(SGR)and survival rate(SR)of black carp(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the feed coefficient(FCR),hepatosomatic index(HSI)and condition factor(CF)(P<0.05).According to the broken line model fitting,the maximum WGR could be obtained when the quercetin supplemental level in high-fat diet was 597.13 mg/kg.3)Compared with HFD group,the supplementation of 600 mg/kg quercetin in high-fat diet significantly increased the activities of catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GPx)and glutathione reductase(GR)as well as total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in liver of black carp(P<0.05);moreover,the liver malondialdehyde(MDA)content in quercetin supplemental groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05).4)Compared with HFD group,the supplementation of 900 mg/kg quercetin in high-fat diet significantly decreased the contents of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA)in serum of black carp(P<0.05).5)Compared with HFD group,

关 键 词：青鱼 槲皮素 生长性能 抗氧化能力 脂代谢 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]