2016-2022年山东省济宁市食源性诺如病毒感染流行特征及影响因素分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of foodborne norovirus infection in Jining city,Shandong province from 2016 to 2022

作　　者：李为为[1] 李荣华[1] 李季[1] 赵素华 LI Wei-wei;LI Rong-hua;LI Ji;ZHAO Su-hua(Section of Public Health Monitoring and Evaluation,Jininig City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong 272000,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测评价科,山东272000

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2023年第9期646-650,共5页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2019WS094)。

摘　　要：目的分析2016-2022年山东省济宁市食源性疾病中诺如病毒感染的流行特征,并分析影响诺如病毒感染的影响因素,为预防和控制食源性诺如病毒感染提供科学依据。方法收集2016-2022年山东省济宁市食源性疾病主动监测病例的基本信息、食物暴露情况、诺如病毒检测结果等信息,并对诺如病毒检出情况及其影响因素进行统计分析。结果2016-2022年共采集粪便样本2189份,其中诺如病毒阳性检出224份,总阳性检出率为10.23%。分型以GⅡ型为主,占72.32%。诺如病毒在春季(20.00%)、夏季(16.03%)阳性检出率较高,25~35岁年龄组检出率最高(13.32%),高危职业主要集中在托幼儿童(25.00%)和干部职员(13.33%),不同年份、季节、年龄、职业诺如病毒阳性检出情况差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为135.59、86.59、14.32、14.36,P<0.05)。暴露水产动物及其制品的患者诺如病毒阳性检出率最高,为15.19%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,春季(O R=1.84,95%CI:1.08~3.15)、秋季(O R=1.59,95%CI:1.00~2.52)和25~35岁年龄组(O R=1.89,95%CI:1.04~3.43)发生诺如病毒感染的危险性更高(P<0.05)。结论春秋季是济宁市食源性诺如病毒感染的高发季节,托幼儿童和青年人为重点人群。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus infections in foodborne diseases in Jining city,Shandong province from 2016 to 2022,and to analyze the influencing factors affecting norovirus infections,so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne norovirus infections.Methods Data were collected on basic information,food exposure,and norovirus test results of active foodborne disease surveillance cases in Jining city,Shandong province from 2016 to 2022,and statistical analyses were performed on norovirus detection and its influencing factors.Results A total of 2189 stool samples were collected in Jining city during 2016-2022.Among these samples,224 samples tested positive for norovirus,norovirus positive detection rate was 10.23%.The predominant norovirus type detected was GⅡ,accounting for 72.32%of the cases.Variance analysis revealed that the positive rate of norovirus was higher in the spring(20.00%)and summer(16.03%).The age group with the highest positive rate was 25 to 35 years old(13.32%).High-risk occupations were mainly associated with nursery children(25.00%)and cadres(13.33%).Significant differences in norovirus positive detection were observed across different years(χ^(2)=135.59,P<0.05),seasons(χ^(2)=86.59,P<0.05),age groups(χ^(2)=14.32,P<0.05),and occupations(χ^(2)=14.36,P<0.05).Patients exposed to aquatic animals and their products had the highest norovirus positive rate(15.19%).Logistic multi-element regression analysis indicated that spring(OR=1.84,95%CI:1.08-3.15),autumn(OR=1.59,95%CI:1.00-2.52),and the age group of 25-35 years old(OR=1.89,95%CI:1.04-3.43)were associated with a higher risk of norovirus infection.Conclusion Spring and autumn are identified as the high-incidence seasons for food-borne norovirus infection in Jining city.Nursery children and young people are identified as key high-risk groups.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 诺如病毒 流行特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：R155.34[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]