中晚熟鲜食黄桃新品种锦冠的选育  

Breeding of a mid-late ripening yellow peach cultivar Jinguan

作　　者：叶正文 苏明申[1] 杜纪红[1] 李雄伟[1] 张明昊 周慧娟[1] 张夏南[1] 胡洋 YE Zhengwen;SU Mingshen;DU Jihong;LI Xiongwei;ZHANG Minghao;ZHOU Huijuan;ZHANG Xianan;HU Yang(Forest and Fruit Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所,上海201403

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第11期2482-2485,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：上海市科技兴农推广项目[沪农科推字(2018)第1-7号];国家桃产业技术体系项目(CARS-30-5-01);上海市科技兴农项目[沪农科创字(2021)第1-1号];国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000801)。

摘　　要：锦冠是以锦绣黄桃为母本、玉露蟠桃为父本杂交选育出的优质中晚熟黄桃新品种。锦冠在上海地区的果实成熟期为7月中下旬,2019—2022年果实发育期为116~120 d,较锦绣早熟22~25 d,较锦枫早熟8~10 d。花为蔷薇型,有5片粉红色花瓣,花药紫红色,花粉较多,能自花结实。果实近圆形,果形指数0.98~1.04;果皮底色为黄色,果面紫红色的覆盖率25%左右;平均单果质量206 g;果肉黄色,肉质致密,汁液中等;黏核。可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为12.2%~14.2%,风味甜香;果实带皮硬度为10~12 kg·cm^(-2),贮运性较好;不同年份之间的表现有所差异。Jinguan is a high-quality and mid-late ripening fresh yellow peach cultivar selected from a cross between Jinxiu as the female parent and Yulu flat peach as the male parent in 2009 at the peach experimental field of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences.It was initially selected in 2016 for its good taste and appearance,and tested for regional adaptability at Zhuanghang of Fengxian and Huinan of Pudong in 2017,at Lühua of Chongming in 2018 and at Qingcun of Fengxian in 2019.It was finally selected in 2022 for its good adaptability,and it obtained a certificate by the Shanghai City Committee for Forest Variety Validation.In Shanghai,the fruit ripening period is in late-July,and the fruit growth period in the past 4 years is 116 to 120 days,which is 22-25 days earlier than Jinxiu and 8-10 days earlier than Jinguan.It has rose-like flower with five pink petals,and its purple anther has substantial fertile pollens.The fruit is nearly round,and fruit shape index is 0.98-1.04.Skin color of fruit is yellow background covered with about 25% red blush on the surface.The average weight of fruit is around 206 g,and the maximum weight can reach 415 g.It has yellow flesh with compact texture and moderate juice,and it is clingstone,covered with red flesh nearby the stone.The soluble solids content is 12.2%-14.2%,and firmness with peel is 10-12 kg · cm^(-2)for the fruit at harvest,while it is varied between different harvest years.Leaf of this cultivar is 17.86 cm long and 4.19 cm wide.The flowering period ranged from late March to early April,and usually lasted 8-10 days,which differed in Shanghai area in past four years.The fruit was initially harvested from July 16 to July 23 in Shanghai area,and fruit development period was 116-120 d,while it ripened 22-25 d earlier than the cultivar of Jinxiu in past four years.This cultivar has medium storage capacity,fruit could be stored at 0 ℃ for 3 weeks and stored at room temperature for 1 week.Other pollinizer is not necessary for planting this cultivar,and spacing depends o

关 键 词：桃 新品种 锦冠 黄肉 中晚熟 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]