面向天基红外预警的高动态弱小目标LSTM检测方法研究  

Research on LSTM method of high dynamic dim and small targets detection for space-based infrared early warning

作　　者：翟光[1] 胡圣冉 孙一勇 Zhai Guang;Hu Shengran;Sun Yiyong(School of Aerospace Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学宇航学院,北京100081

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2023年第10期203-213,共11页Infrared and Laser Engineering

摘　　要：在天基红外预警任务中,高动态弱小目标具有成像尺寸小、运动规律未知的特点。现有红外弱小目标探测任务主要关注匀速直线运动目标检测问题,对高动态目标的有效检测算法尚需进一步开发。针对天基红外预警任务中高动态非线性运动目标检测问题,提出了一种基于LSTM的红外弱小目标检测算法。首先设计了提取可疑目标位置信息的预处理方法,解决了LSTM网络结构与序列图像不匹配的问题;然后,针对传统算法难以检测非线性运动轨迹的问题,利用LSTM提取目标运动特征,实现序列图像中高动态目标的检测。通过与序列假设检验等算法的对比,在自研的红外序列图像数据集上验证了所提出的算法能够实现不低于0.9347的精确率与不低于0.8633的召回率。Objective Infrared target detection technology has the advantages of large observation range,short scanning period and strong anti-interference ability,which is of great significance in space-based early warning missions.The infrared targets in space-based early warning missions have the characteristics of small size and weak signal,and it is difficult to use their texture and shape features for detection.In scenes with strong noise and clutter interference,it is necessary to use target motion features for detection.The traditional target detection algorithm generally assumes that targets move with constant velocity,which is not capable of detecting high dynamic nonlinear moving targets with unknown motion rules,and effective detection algorithms for nonlinear moving targets still need further development.To solve the problem of high dynamic and nonlinear moving target detection in space-based early warning missions,an infrared dim and small target detection algorithm based on LSTM is proposed.Methods Firstly,an adaptive preprocessing block is proposed,which can extract the location information of suspicious targets and solves the problem of mismatch between LSTM network structure and sequence images.At the same time,some spatial characteristics of target signals are discarded in order to reduce the amount of computation.Then,due to the problem that traditional algorithms are unable to detect nonlinear motion trajectory,a target trajectory detection method based on LSTM is designed to realize the detection of high dynamic nonlinear moving targets in sequence images.Finally,a post-processing algorithm,which selects target points from the preprocessing results based on the LSTM estimation results is designed to improve the target positioning accuracy.Results and Discussions Aiming at the targets with different motion laws,two experiments are designed and carried out based on the image sequence with an average signal-to-noise ratio of 4.07.In the first experiment,the target performs simple nonlinear motion with a si

关 键 词：天基预警 目标检测 LSTM 高动态 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]