民办幼儿教师职业压力对离职倾向的影响:一个有调节的中介作用模型  

Influence of occupational stress of private preschool teacherson turnover intention:A moderated mediation model

作　　者：梁九清 徐小溪 盖倩倩 卫少迪 梁元 于静 曲方炳 武成莉[4] LIANG Jiuqing;XU Xiaoxi;GAI Qianqian;WEI Shaodi;LIANG Yuan;YU Jing;QU Fangbing;WU Chengli(College of Preschool Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;Shandong Technician Institute;Xi'an Space City Center Kindergarten;Mental Health Education Center,Xidian University)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学学前教育学院,北京100048 [2]山东技师学院 [3]西安航天城中心幼儿园 [4]西安电子科技大学心理健康教育中心

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2023年第12期1846-1852,共7页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目(编号:21JYC023)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨民办幼儿园教师职业压力对离职倾向的影响,以及职业认同和心理资本在二者之间的作用。方法:采用幼儿教师职业压力问卷、离职倾向问卷、心理资本量表和职业认同量表,对北京市763名民办幼儿教师进行调查。结果:民办幼儿园教师离职倾向处于中等偏下水平(t=-12.67,P<0.001)。民办幼儿教师职业压力总分及各维度与离职倾向呈显著正相关(r=0.47,0.44,0.46,0.42,0.40,0.38,0.46,0.42;P<0.01),职业认同总分及各维度与离职倾向呈显著负相关(r=-0.31,-0.15,-0.40,-0.26,-0.10;P<0.01),心理资本总分及各维度与离职倾向呈显著负相关(r=-0.26,-0.23,-0.27;P<0.01);职业压力显著正向预测离职倾向(β=0.572,t=12.222,P<0.001);职业压力显著负向预测职业认同(β=-0.132,t=-5.324,P<0.001),职业认同显著负向预测离职倾向(β=-0.453,t=-5.404,P<0.001),这表明职业认同在职业压力对离职倾向的影响中起部分中介作用;职业压力与心理资本的交互项对离职倾向的负向预测作用显著(β=-0.132,t=-2.364,P<0.05),职业认同与心理资本的交互项对离职倾向的负向预测作用显著(β=-0.181,t=-3.573,P<0.001),这表明心理资本在职业压力与离职倾向及职业认同与离职倾向之间起到调节作用。结论:民办幼儿教师职业压力是离职倾向的风险因素,而职业认同和心理资本是离职倾向的保护性因素。Objective:To explore the influence of occupational stress of private preschool teachers on turnover intention and the role of occupational identity and psychological capital.Methods:A total of 763 private preschool teachers in Beijing were investigated by using“occupational stress questionnaire”,“turnover intention questionnaire”,“psychological capital scale”and“professional identity scale”.Results:The turnover intention of private preschool teachers was at a moderate level(t=-12.67,P<0.001).The total score of occupational stress and various dimensions of private preschool teachers and the turnover intention were significantly positively correlated(r=0.47,0.44,0.46,0.42,0.40,0.38,0.46,0.42;P<0.01),the total score of professional identity and various dimensions and the turnover intention were significantly negatively correlated(r=-0.31,-0.15,-0.40,-0.26,-0.10;P<0.01),and the total score of psychological capital and various dimensions and the turnover intention were significantly negatively correlated(r=-0.26,-0.23,-0.27;P<0.01);Occupational stress could significantly positively predict turnover intention(β=0.572,t=12.222,P<0.001);Occupational stress could significantly negatively predict occupational identity(β=-0.132,t=-5.324,P<0.001),occupational identity could significantly negatively predict turnover intention(β=-0.453,t=-5.404,P<0.001),which suggested that occupational identity played a partial mediating role in the influence of occupational stress on turnover intention;The interaction term between occupational stress and psychological capital had a significantly negative effect on the prediction of turnover intention(β=-0.132,t=-2.364,P<0.05),and the interaction term between occupational identity and psychological capital had a significantly negative effect on the prediction of turnover intention(β=-0.181,t=-3.573,P<0.001),which suggested that psychological capital played a moderating role between occupational stress and turnover intention and occupational identity and turnover intention

关 键 词：民办幼儿教师 职业压力 离职倾向 职业认同 心理资本 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]