重大突发公共卫生事件下飞行员职业韧性对工作倦怠的影响  

Effect of pilots' career resilience on job burnoutunder major public health emergencies

作　　者：李丽[1] 陈瑶 赵跃 曹长城 LI Li;CHEN Yao;ZHAO Yue;CAO Changcheng(College of Safety Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;Flight Department,Tianjin Airlines Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津300300 [2]天津航空有限责任公司飞行部,天津300300

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2023年第10期23-29,共7页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费(3122018F009)。

摘　　要：为探究重大突发公共卫生事件下不同时期飞行员工作倦怠状况,以及职业韧性对工作倦怠的影响机制,以新冠疫情为例,采用职业韧性量表、工作嵌入量表和工作倦怠量表,分别于疫情防控期及防控政策放开后,先后2次对国内7家航空公司飞行员开展问卷调查,并使用Process宏程序进行假设检验。结果表明:在疫情防控期,近34.5%的飞行员表现出轻度、中度工作倦怠,在疫情防控政策放开后,飞行员倦怠水平降低,倦怠检出率为27.5%,且基本为轻度倦怠;在前后2个时期中,职业韧性与工作倦怠及其3个维度均显著负相关,职业韧性对工作倦怠有显著负向影响;工作嵌入在职业韧性与工作倦怠及其情绪衰竭、去人性化等维度间均发挥部分中介效应,工作嵌入在飞行员职业韧性和工作倦怠之间的中介效应占比先后为31.58%、36.67%。提高飞行员职业韧性水平及工作嵌入度,可有效应对重大突发公共卫生事件下飞行员工作倦怠问题。In order to explore the job burnout status of pilots in different periods of major public health emergencies and the influence mechanism of career resilience on job burnout,taking the COVID-19 epidemic as an example,the pilots of seven airlines in China were investigated twice during the epidemic prevention and control period and after the release of prevention and control policies by the career resilience scale,job embeddedness scale and job burnout scale.And the Process macro program was used for hypothesis testing.The results show that during the prevention and control period of the COVID-19 epidemic,nearly 34.5%of pilots show mild and moderate job burnout.After the release of the prevention and control policy,the level of pilot burnout decreases,and the detection rate of burnout is 27.5%,which is basically mild.During the epidemic prevention and control period and after the policy is liberalized,career resilience is significantly negatively correlated with job burnout and its three dimensions,and career resilience has a significant negative impact on job burnout.During the epidemic prevention and control period and after the policy is liberalized,job embeddedness plays a partial mediating effect among the dimensions of career resilience,job burnout,emotional exhaustion and depersonalization.The mediating effects of job embeddedness in the two periods are 31.58%and 36.67%,respectively.Improving the career resilience and job embeddedness of pilots can effectively deal with the job burnout of pilots in major public health emergencies.

关 键 词：重大突发公共卫生事件 飞行员 职业韧性 工作倦怠 工作嵌入 

分 类 号：X949[环境科学与工程—安全科学]