马铃薯植株株型构成要素解析  

Analysis of Plant Architecture Factors of Potato

作　　者：李丽 周晓洁 袁剑龙 程李香[2] 郭仁世 张峰[1,2] LI Li;ZHOU Xiaojie;YUAN Jianlong;CHENG Lixiang;GUO Renshi;ZHANG Feng(College of Agriculture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070;State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science/Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement&Germplasm Enhancement,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070;Qinghai Provincial Seed Management Station,Xining,Qinghai 810003)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室/甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]青海省种子管理站,青海西宁810003

出　　处：《核农学报》2023年第9期1764-1774,共11页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(SQ2022YFD1600328);甘肃省科技重大专项(21ZD11NA002);甘肃省中央引导地方科技发展专项。

摘　　要：马铃薯植株的理想株型是获得高质量群体的基础。为获得理想株型构成要素参数,本研究对26个马铃薯品种(系)进行产量组分分析,选择中高产品种(系)测定植株茎、叶相关株型性状,结合方差分析、相关性分析和灰色关联分析确定理想株型构成要素及其参数。聚类分析将26个马铃薯品种(系)划分为超高产、高产、中产、中低产和低产五种类型。中高产品种(系)平均主茎数为2.29~2.89;三种产量类型中,超高产品种(系)自然株高均值最小,高产品种(系)最大;超高产品种(系)直立性E值最大,中产品种(系)最小;超高产品种(系)基部第4、第5、第7、第8节间长度均最小,基部第4到第8节间直径均最大,基部第3、第4、第5、第7茎叶夹角均最小。除超高产品种G6和高产品种G4,其余品种(系)叶片均属于疏散型,小叶为7或9个,马铃薯羽状复叶在主茎上螺旋上升排列,66.67%的品种(系)同一螺旋轨迹相邻羽状复叶水平相差60°。理想株型的主要构成要素包括幼苗期至块茎成熟期叶面积指数、基部第3至第7茎叶夹角、基部第4至第8节间直径、羽状复叶数量及长度和绝对株高。理想株型的次要构成要素为主茎数和自然株高。本研究解析的高产马铃薯品种(系)株型参数为田间高效管理和株型育种提供了理论基础。The ideotype of potato plant is the basis of high-quality population.In order to obtain the composition parameters of ideotype,the yield components of twenty-six potato varieties(lines)were analyzed,varieties(lines)with medium and high yield were selected to determine the stem and leaf related characters,the components and parameters of ideotype were determined by variance analysis,correlation analysis and grey correlation analysis in the study.The clustering analysis showed that twenty-six potato varieties(lines)were divided into five yield types,including super high-yield,high-yield,medium-yield,medium low-yield and low-yield.The range of main stems number was 2.29 to 2.89 in the medium and high-yield type.Among the three yield types,the average natural plant height of super high-yield type was the minimum,while that of the high-yield type was the maximum.The erectness E-value of super high-yield type was the maximum,while middle-yield type was the minimum.For the super high-yield type,the average length of the fourth,fifth,seventh and eighth internodes at the base were all the smallest,the average diameter of the fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh and eighth internodes were the highest,and the basal third,fourth,fifth,seventh stem-leaf angles were also the smallest.Except for G6(super high-yield type)and G4(high-yield type),the pinnately compound leaves of other varieties(lines)belonged to loose-type which had 7 or 9 leaflets.The pinnately compound leaves of potato were spirally arranged on the main stem,and the adjacent leaves on the same spiral track showed the horizontal difference of 60°in 66.67%varieties(lines).The main components of ideotype were as follows:the leaf area index from seeding stage to tuber maturity stage,the stem-leaf angle of the basal third to seventh leaves,the diameter of basal fourth to eighth internode,the number and length of pinnately compound leaves and the absolute plant height.The secondary components of ideotype were the number of main stems and the nature plant height.Analyzing the c

关 键 词：马铃薯 植株株型 理想株型 产量组分 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]