以未成年人为中心的人工智能何以实现?--基于“儿童人工智能”项目的思考  

How to Achieve Minor-Centered AI? --Based on the Reflection on “AI for Children” Project

作　　者：郭胜男 吴永和[1] GUO Sheng-nan;WU Yong-he(Department of Education Information Technology,East China Normal University,Shanghai,China 200062)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育信息技术学系,上海200062

出　　处：《现代教育技术》2023年第11期29-37,共9页Modern Educational Technology

基　　金：2021年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“面向未成年人的人工智能技术规范研究”(项目编号:21&ZD328)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在AI技术促进数字化转型的时代,未成年人正面临着以ChatGPT为代表的生成式AI带来的风险和挑战。当前,AI治理战略中对未成年人的关注仅提及了教育资源和健康资源,而鲜少就未成年人的成长和数字权益展开讨论。基于此,文章首先分析了发展以未成年人为中心的AI驱动因素。之后,围绕联合国儿童基金会与其他国际组织合作展开的“儿童人工智能”项目,文章系统梳理了以未成年人为中心的AI国际行动和实践方向,以深度剖析AI技术如何保护、支持和赋能儿童。最后,文章基于人本主义理论,从技术、伦理、未成年人三个维度出发,提出了我国发展以未成年人为中心的AI新路径,包括鼓励参与式设计、坚持伦理化治理、优化数字教育环境等。文章旨在维护未成年人的数字权益,并培养未成年人适应未来数字世界的能力,以驱动教育数字化转型的持续推进。In the era of AI(artificial intelligence) technology driving digital transformation,minors are facing risks and challenges brought by generative AI represented by ChatGPT.At present,the focus on minors in AI governance strategies only mentions educational resources and health resources,with little discussion on their growth and digital rights.Based on this,the paper first analyzed the driving factors for the development of minor-centered AI.Subsequently,focuing on the “AI for Children” project launched by UNICE in cooperation with other international organizations,this paper systematically combed the international action and practice direction of minor-centred AI,and deeply expounded how AI technology protected,supported,and empowered children.Finally,based on the theory of humanism,this paper proposed a new path for the development of minor-centred AI in China,including encouraging participatory design,adhering to ethical governance,and optimizing the digital education environment.This paper aimed to protect minors' digital rights and cultivate their ability to adapt to the future digital world,thereby driving the continuous advancement of educational digital transformation.

关 键 词：人工智能 以未成年人为中心 AI治理 数字化转型 人本主义 

分 类 号：G40-057[文化科学—教育学原理]