重载列车车轮轮缘径向开裂原因分析  

Analysis of the radial cracking at wheel rims on heavy-haul trains

作　　者：门永林 潘安霞 MEN Yonglin;PAN Anxia(CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing Jiangsu 210016,China;School of Mechanical Engineering and Rail Transit,Chang Zhou University,Changzhou,Jiangsu 213011,China)

机构地区：[1]中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司,江苏南京210016 [2]常州大学机械与轨道交通学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《轨道交通材料》2023年第5期1-6,共6页MATERIALS FOR RAIL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

摘　　要：车轮是轨道车辆最关键的部件之一,直接关系到列车的安全运行。某线路重载列车车轮服役不到10个月轮缘出现径向裂纹。通过对失效车轮综合表征分析和实际服役线路分析,发现轨道转弯半径过小是导致轮缘与钢轨之间产生较高的接触应力和轮缘磨损减薄的根本起因,从磨损破坏和接触应力平衡角度判断磨损引起的异常振动是导致车轮轮缘径向接触疲劳开裂的主要原因。最终提出了针对性改进方案和预防措施,有效保障重载列车的安全稳定运行。As one of most critical components in railway vehicles,a wheel has the direct bearing on the safe operation of train.Radial cracking occurred on the rims of wheels which were put into service for less than 10 months on heavy-haul trains on a rail line.By studying the comprehensive characterization of the failed wheels and the actual operation line,it’s found that the high contact stress between the wheel rim and the rail and consequently the rim thickness reduction due to wear might be attributable to the too small track turning radius,and from the perspective of wear-out failure and balancing of contact stress,it’s estimated that the abnormal vibration resulted from wear is the primary cause for the radial contact fatigue cracking of wheel rims.Finally targeted improvement program is proposed to effectively guarantee the safe and smooth operation of heavy-haul trains.

关 键 词：车轮 开裂 磨损 失效 接触疲劳 重载列车 

分 类 号：U270.33[机械工程—车辆工程]