吐丝期喷施外源调节剂对高温环境下鲜食糯玉米产量和品质的影响  

Effects of spraying exogenous regulator on yield and quality of fresh waxy maize under high temperature at silking stage

作　　者：梁毓文 王龙飞 朱维佳 郭剑 李广浩 陆大雷[1] LIANG Yuwen;WANG Longfei;ZHU Weijia;GUO Jian;LI Guanghao;LU Dalei(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Agricultural College of Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室,江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,扬州大学农学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2023年第5期125-133,共9页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071958);江苏省现代农业产业技术体系[JATS(2022)497];江苏省重点研发计划(BE2021317);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX23_1971)。

摘　　要：灌浆结实期遭遇高温会严重影响鲜食糯玉米的产量和品质。以‘京科糯2000’和‘渝糯7号’为试验材料,吐丝期喷施芸苔素内酯(BR)和细胞分裂素(6-BA),研究其对常温(28℃∕22℃)和高温(35℃∕27℃)环境下鲜食糯玉米产量和品质的影响。结果表明:高温显著降低了鲜食糯玉米的鲜籽粒产量、含水率、淀粉含量和黏度特性,显著提高了蛋白质含量。常温环境下,吐丝期喷施BR和6-BA,显著增加了鲜食糯玉米鲜籽粒产量、鲜籽粒重、淀粉含量和糯玉米粉凝胶热焓值。高温环境下,吐丝期喷施BR和6-BA显著增加了鲜籽粒产量、鲜籽粒重、淀粉含量、糯玉米凝胶热焓值和糯玉米粉的黏度,明显降低了‘京科糯2000’的回生值,‘渝糯7号’的回生值在BR处理下升高,6-BA处理下则明显降低。综上,吐丝期喷施外源调节剂是缓解高温对鲜食糯玉米产量和品质影响的有效措施,其中喷施6-BA的效果更好。High temperature during grain-filling stage will seriously affect the yield and quality of fresh waxy maize.In this study,‘Jingkenuo 2000’and‘Yunuo 7’were used as experimental materials,and brassinolide(BR)and cytokinin(6-BA)were sprayed at silking stage,with water(CK)as control.The effects of BR,6-BA on the yield and quality of fresh waxy maize under normal temperature(28℃∕22℃)and high temperature(35℃∕27℃)were studied.The results showed that high temperature significantly reduced the fresh grain yield,water content,starch content and viscosity of fresh waxy maize,and significantly increased the protein content.Under normal temperature environment,spraying BR and 6-BA at silking stage significantly increased the fresh grain yield,fresh grain weight,starch content and gel enthalpy of waxy maize flour.Under high temperature environment,spraying BR and 6-BA at silking stage significantly increased fresh grain yield,fresh grain weight,starch content,gel enthalpy of waxy maize and viscosity of waxy maize flour,and significantly decreased the retrogradation value of‘Jingkenuo 2000’.The retrogradation value of‘Yunuo 7’increased under BR treatment and decreased significantly under 6-BA treatment.Overall,spraying exogenous regulators during the silking stage is an effective measure to alleviate the impact of high temperature on the yield and quality of fresh waxy maize,with spraying 6-BA having a better effect.

关 键 词：鲜食糯玉米 高温 调节剂 糊化特性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]