辣木不同部位饲用品质比较研究  

Comparative Study on Feeding Quality of Different Parts of Moringa oleifera

作　　者：普天磊 金杰[1] 邓红山[1] 罗会英[1] 刘昀 韩学琴[1] 张美艳[2] PU Tianlei;JIN Jie;DENG Hongshan;LUO Huiying;LIU Yun;HAN Xueqin;ZHANG Meiyan(Institute of Tropical Ecc-agriculture Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley Botanical Garden,Yuanmou 651300,China;Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science,Kunming 650212,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,元谋干热河谷植物园,元谋651300 [2]云南省草地动物科学研究院,昆明650212

出　　处：《中国草食动物科学》2023年第6期17-22,共6页China Herbivore Science

基　　金：国家牧草产业技术体系德宏综合试验站(CARS-34-52);云南省牟定县生态畜牧产业科技特派团(202304BI090019);云南省重大科技专项(202002AA100007);2021年省级发展专项资金“云南省省级特色作物种质资源圃”;国家干热区特色作物种质资源圃。

摘　　要：文章测定分析了6个不同地理种源(肯尼亚,马里,老挝,印度,元谋,美国)辣木叶、梗和茎部位的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、单宁、木质素、草酸6个饲用品质指标,并采用聚类分析法和隶属函数分析法对供试样品的饲用品质进行了综合分析和评价,为饲用辣木种质评价、推广利用提供参考。结果表明,不同部位和地理种源对辣木饲用品质均有影响,粗蛋白、粗脂肪和单宁在辣木叶片中含量最高,木质素和粗纤维在辣木茎中含量最高,草酸在辣木梗中含量最高;不同地理种源样品中,肯尼亚种源叶片中的粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量最高,马里种源叶片中的木质素和粗纤维含量最低。聚类分析结果表明,在欧式距离等于10时,供试辣木样品被分为2个类群,叶样品单独聚为第1类群,梗和茎样品聚为第2类群,第1类群具有营养成分含量高、抗营养因子含量低的特点。将第1类群样品进行隶属函数分析,综合排序为肯尼亚种源叶>马里种源叶>老挝种源叶>印度种源叶>元谋种源叶>美国种源叶,其中,肯尼亚种源辣木叶片部位的饲用品质表现最好,具体表现为粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量高,单宁含量适中,草酸、木质素含量低,是饲料化利用的良好材料。In this paper,six forage quality indexes of crude protein,crude fat,crude fiber,tannin,lignin and oxalic acid in leaves,stalks and stems of Moringa oleifera from six different geographical provenances(Kenya,India,Laos,Mali,Yuanmou,United States)were determined and analyzed.Cluster analysis and membership function analysis were used to comprehensively analyze and evaluate the forage quality of Moringa oleifera samples,so as to provide reference for the evaluation and utilization of feeding Moringa oleifera germplasm.The results showed that the collection sites and geographical sources had effects on the feeding quality indexes of Moringa oleifera.The contents of crude protein,crude fat and tannin in leaves were significantly higher than those in stalks and stems,and the contents of lignin,oxalic acid and crude fiber were significantly lower than those in stalks and stems.Among samples from different geographical provenances,Kenya had the highest content of crude protein and crude fat in its leaves,while Mali had the lowest content of lignin and crude fiber in its leaves.The results of cluster analysis showed that the Euclidean distance was equal to 10,the Moringa oleifera samples were divided into two groups.Leaf samples were clustered into the first group alone,the stalk and stem samples were clustered into the second group.The order of comprehensive membership function of Moringa oleifera samples was Kenya>India>Laos>Mali>Yuanmou>United States.Among them,the feeding quality of the left from the Kenyan provenance was the best,which was characterized by high crude protein and fat content,moderate tannin content,and low oxalic acid and lignin content,making it a good raw material for feed.

关 键 词：辣木 地理种源 不同部位 饲用品质 综合评价 

分 类 号：S816.35[农业科学—饲料科学]