动物元认知的研究进展  

Research progress of animal metacognition

作　　者：王婉宁 贾宁[1] WANG Wanning;JIA Ning(College of Education Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学教育学院,石家庄050024

出　　处：《中国实验动物学报》2023年第9期1217-1224,共8页Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica

基　　金：河北省教育科学规划重点资助课题(2202090)。

摘　　要：元认知曾被认为是人类独有的高级认知能力,动物是否具有元认知是比较心理学领域争论的热点问题之一。对该问题进行探讨,有助于研究者们揭示元认知的系统发育根源,绘制人类高级认知功能的进化历程。本文对过去二十五年间主要的动物元认知研究进行了梳理,总结了不确定性监控范式、信息搜寻范式与信心判断范式三种常用的研究范式与对应的测量指标,概述了动物元认知研究领域中联想模型和元认知模型两种对立的解释倾向及其依据。针对联想模型与元认知模型的争论,提出改进研究范式来检验元认知模型与创新理论以整合模型两种未来的研究方向。It is widely believed that metacognition is a specialized cognitive capacity that only humans possess.A contentious debate in the field of comparative psychology is whether animals have metacognition.The exploration of this question will help researchers to uncover the phylogenetic roots of metacognition and to map the evolutionary history of higher cognitive functions in humans.This article reviews the main animal metacognition studies in the past 25 years.We summarize three common research paradigms and corresponding measures:uncertainty monitoring,information seeking,and confidence judgment paradigms.Two opposing explanatory tendencies and their rationales are outlined in the field of animal metacognition research:associative and metacognitive models.In response to the debate between associative and metacognitive models,two future research orientations are proposed to improve the research paradigm to assess the metacognitive model and to innovate theory to integrate these models into a new one.

关 键 词：动物元认知 比较心理学 元认知监控 联想学习 

分 类 号：Q95-33[生物学—动物学]