扣件弹性垫层劣化对高速列车-道岔系统动力特性的影响  

Effects of fastener elastic cushion deterioration on dynamic characteristics of high-speed train-turnout system

作　　者：侯明扬 徐井芒[1,2] 王平[1,2] 闫正[1,2] 马前涛 HOU Mingyang;XU Jingmang;WANG Ping;YAN Zheng;MA Qiantao(School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering,Ministry of Education,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学土木工程学院,成都610031 [2]西南交通大学高速铁路线路工程教育部重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第21期101-109,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然基金科学基金(52122810,51978586,51778542);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(J2021G013);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(P2021T013);铁科院集团公司科研开发计划(2021YJ022);四川省杰出青年科技人才项目(2020JDJQ0033)。

摘　　要：随着高速铁路运营时长的增加,道岔区扣件弹性垫层会发生劣化,对列车过岔的动力学性能产生不利影响。为研究扣件弹性垫层劣化对高速列车道岔系统动力特性的影响,考虑道岔区钢轨的柔性变形,以高速铁路18号无砟道岔为研究对象,建立车辆-道岔刚柔耦合动力学模型,通过时域和频域分析,研究扣件弹性垫层劣化位置、劣化程度、劣化个数及行车速度对列车道岔系统动力特性的影响。研究结果表明:扣件弹性垫层劣化位置影响较大,其中尖轨顶宽40 mm处为扣件弹性垫层劣化的最不利位置;随劣化程度的增加,车岔系统各动力学指标呈增大趋势,其中垂向指标影响更为显著;扣件弹性垫层劣化个数的增加对尖轨尖端的横向动力学指标产生不利影响,9组扣件连续劣化时横向力较1组扣件弹性垫层劣化时增大21.3%;当车辆以250 km/h速度过岔时,扣件弹性垫层劣化对列车道岔系统动力特性的影响最为显著。轴箱振动加速度对扣件弹性垫层劣化较敏感,可在一定程度上反映扣件弹性垫层的劣化。研究成果可为道岔区刚度优化和养护维修提供一定的理论指导。With increase in high-speed railway operation time,elastic cushions of fasteners in turnout area deteriorate to have a negative impact on dynamic performance of trains passing through turnout.Here,to study effects of deterioration of fastener elastic cushion on dynamic characteristics of high-speed train-turnout system,considering flexible deformation of rail in turnout area,taking high-speed railway No.18 ballastless turnout as the study object,a train-turnout rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model was established.Through time-domain and frequency-domain analyses,effects of fastener elastic cushion deterioration position,deterioration degree,deterioration number and train running speed on dynamic characteristics of train-turnout system were studied.The study results showed that deterioration position of fastener elastic cushion has a larger impact,the position of 40 mm wide at top of switch rail is the most unfavorable position for fastener elastic cushion deterioration;with increase in deterioration degree,various dynamic indexes of train-turnout system have an increasing trend,vertical indexes are affected more significantly;increase in deterioration number has a negative impact on lateral dynamic indexes of switch rail tip;when 9 groups of fasteners undergo continuous deterioration,lateral force increases by 21.3% compared to 1 group of fasteners undergoing elastic cushion deterioration;when train passing through turnout at speed of 250 km/h,effects of fastener elastic cushion deterioration on dynamic characteristics of train-turnout system are the most significant;axle box vibration acceleration is more sensitive to fastener elastic cushion deterioration,it can reflect deterioration of fastener elastic cushion to a certain extent;the study results can provide a certain theoretical guidance for turnout area stiffness optimization and maintenance.

关 键 词：扣件弹性垫层劣化 高速道岔 刚柔耦合动力学 动力特性 轴箱振动加速度 

分 类 号：U213.6[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]