餐厨垃圾高效油脂降解菌的筛选及其降解条件研究  

Screening of high efficiency oil degradation bacteria for food waste and its degradation conditions

作　　者：秦蓁天 王小兵[1,2] 汪晓丽 胡佳乐[1] 丁素军 封克 QIN Zhentian;WANG Xiaobing;WANG Xiaoli;HU Jiale;DING Sujun;FENG Ke(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China;Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization,Yangzhou 225127,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225127 [2]江苏省有机固废废弃物资源化协同创新中心,江苏扬州225127

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2023年第5期118-126,134,共10页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41471236);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(20)3082];江苏省(扬州大学)研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX22_1736)。

摘　　要：以葵花籽油作为唯一碳源,采用中性红培养基从厨余垃圾中筛选到5株降解菌株,再通过产脂肪酶培养基复筛得到2株降解效果较好的菌株,将其命名为QT1和QT3,其油脂降解率分别达到54.0%和65.5%,培养10 d内脂肪酶活性均在17.0 U·mL^(-1)以上。在10 g·L^(-1)的油脂含量下,QT1菌株在温度35℃、pH 7、转速200 r·min^(-1)、盐含量20 g·L^(-1)时降解效率最佳,QT3在温度40℃、pH 8、转速180 r·min^(-1)、盐含量30 g·L^(-1)时降解效率最佳。通过形态学观察和16S rDNA序列分析,QT1菌株为腐生葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus saprophyticus),QT3菌株为嗜麦芽窄食胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia)。In this study, sunflower oil was used as the only carbon source, five degrading strains were screened from food waste by neutral red medium, and then two strains with good degradation effect were obtained by rescreening lipase-producing medium, named QT1 and QT3, and the lipid degradation rates of the two strains reached 54.0% and 65.5%, and the lipase activity could reach above 17.0 U·mL^(-1) in 10 days, respectively. At 10 g·L^(-1) of the oil content, the optimum degradation efficiency of QT1 was obtained at 35 ℃, pH 7, 200 r·min^(-1) and 20 g·L^(-1) of salt content, and that of QT3 was at 40 ℃, pH 8, 180 r·min^(-1) and 30 g·L^(-1) of salt content. Morphological observation and 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that QT1 strain was Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and QT3 strain was Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.

关 键 词：餐厨垃圾 油脂降解菌 脂肪酶活性 腐生葡萄球菌 嗜麦芽窄食胞菌 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学] Q939.99[生物学—微生物学]