技能不匹配与高校毕业生高频职业转换关系研究  

Research of Skill Mismatch and College Students’High-frequency Career Transition

作　　者：文菲斐 杨永贵[2] Wen Feifei;Yang Yonggui(Guangdong Polytechnic of Industry and Commerce,Guangzhou 510510,China;Guangdong University of Finance,Guangzhou 510521,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工贸职业技术学院,广州510510 [2]广东金融学院,广州510521

出　　处：《黑龙江科学》2023年第21期1-10,共10页Heilongjiang Science

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划2021年度项目“人工智能对大学生就业的多维影响及其政策响应机制研究”(GD21CJY06);全国教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度教育部重点课题“人工智能时代应用型高校大学生就业质量持续提升路径研究”(DFA200300);高校毕业生就业协会课题“高校毕业生‘慢就业’的生成逻辑及其引导策略研究”(GJXY2021N068);2023年广东工贸职业技术学院校级课题“新时代高职院校就业指导课程模式优化路径研究”(2023-JKJ-11)。

摘　　要：以毕业3—5年的大学生为研究对象,运用最优尺度回归模型分析其技能不匹配与职业转换间的关系。研究结果显示,技能不匹配显著影响毕业生的职业转换率,硬技能不匹配、软技能不匹配均与其职业转换率呈正相关关系,且软技能不匹配对职业转换率的影响更大。进一步分析发现,天赋层软技能不匹配对职业转换率的影响最大,毕业生父亲的教育对其天赋层软技能不匹配状况能产生更重要的正向影响。高度重视家庭教育,优化家庭教育方式;开展以能力为导向的学校教育改革,将软技能纳入高校人才培养体系;重新审视企业培训策略,强化专用人力资本投资等能有效改善员工技能匹配状况,增强其就业稳定性,提升其就业质量。The study uses optimal scale regression model to analyze the relationship between skills mismatch and career transition among college students 3-5 years after graduation.The results show that skill mismatch significantly influences career conversion rate;among them,hard skill mismatch and soft skill mismatch are positively correlated with career conversion rate,and soft skill mismatch have a greater influence on career conversion rate.The talent layer has the greatest influence on the career conversion rate.In addition,compared with mother,the father’s education has a more important positive impact on the children’s soft skills mismatch in the talent level.Great importance to family education,optimization of family education methods,capacity-oriented school education reform,incorporation of soft skills into the training system,re-examining corporation training strategies,and the promotion of dedicated human capital investment can effectively improve the skill matching status of employees,enhance their employment stability,and improve their employment quality.

关 键 词：职业转换 技能不匹配 软技能 最优尺度回归模型 毕业生 

分 类 号：G647.38[文化科学—高等教育学] C913.2[文化科学—教育学]