汉字文化学视域下古代中华“狼”之认知解读  

Cognitive Interpretation of "Wolf " in Ancient China from the Perspective of Chinese Character Culturology

作　　者：黄交军[1] 李国英 HUANG Jiaojun;LI Guoying(Guiyang University,Guiyang 550005,China;Qingyan Guihuang Junior High School in Guiyang,Guiyang 550027,China)

机构地区：[1]贵阳学院,贵州贵阳550005 [2]贵阳市青岩贵璜中学,贵州贵阳550027

出　　处：《河南科技学院学报（社会科学版）》2023年第11期63-74,共12页Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“商周金文名物词研究”(19BYY157),主持人:刘兴均;贵州省哲学社会科学规划课题“语言类型学视阈下贵阳方言声调的实验研究”(20GZZD42),主持人:明茂修;贵州省教育厅高校人文社会科学研究项目“文化人类学视野下的身份困惑与民族秘史——话说贵州穿青族的前世今生”(2016ZC011),主持人:黄交军;贵阳学院校级项目立项资助课题“《说文解字》与中国先民生态文化研究”,主持人:黄交军。

摘　　要：21世纪初,以《狼图腾》为代表的狼性文学席卷中国文坛,由此引发的争议发酵已久,却始终未有定论。汉字属忠实记录中华文明的珍贵史料语料,而《说文解字》作为中国乃至世界的第一部字典,更是生动体现东汉及以前时代中华先民仰观俯察狼等天地万物的百科全书。故以《说文解字》涉狼相关字词为研究对象考索古代中华狼文化,结果表明国人对狼颇为赏识,满溢敬意,最终证实了炎黄子孙曾存在狼图腾崇拜现象。字里行间由狼之机敏、坚忍、顽强等优点逐渐拓展至衣食住行、民俗、军事政治及哲学诸领域,符合“近取诸身,远取诸物”的认知规律,狼文化繁荣是人类认识世界、解读世界、取法世界的智慧成果。正确认知狼、处理人类与狼等自然万物的关系对构建人类命运共同体极具终极关怀的参考价值。At the beg inning of the 21st century,wolf literature represented by wolf totem,has swept through the Chinese literary world.The controversy caused by wolf totem has been fermented for a long time,but there is still no conclusion.Chinese characters are the precious historical materials which record Chinese civilization faithfully.As the first dictionary of China and even the world,Shuowen-Jiezi is an encyclopedia that vividly reflects the ancient Chinese ancestors in the Eastern Han Dynasty and earlier times looking up and observing wolves and other heaven and earth.The results showed that the Chinese people had great appreciation and respect for wolves,and finally confirmed the existence of wolf totem worship in Chinese Descendants of Yan and Huang.Between the lines,the wolf's astuteness,perseverance,tenacity and other advantages gradually extended to the fields of folk costom,military,politics and literature,which is in line with the cognitive law of ancient sages and great thinker "take the body from near and take the object from far".How to correctly cognize wolves and deal with the relationship between human beings and wolves is of great reference value to the construction of human community of fate.

关 键 词：汉字文化学 狼 《说文解字》 图腾崇拜 

分 类 号：H161[语言文字—汉语]