基于倒频谱的轴向柱塞泵松靴故障特征提取  

Feature Extraction of Loose Slipper Faultin Axial Piston Pump Based on Cepstrum

作　　者：许昕蕾 黄伟迪[1] 于斌[2] 张军辉[1] 徐兵[1] XU Xin-lei;HUANG Wei-di;YU Bin;ZHANG Jun-hui;XU Bing(State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power&Mechatronic Systems,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310027;Beijing Institute of Precision Mechatronics and Controls,Beijing 100076)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点试验室,浙江杭州310027 [2]北京精密机电控制设备研究所,北京100076

出　　处：《液压与气动》2023年第11期1-9,共9页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB2009903);国家自然科学基金(52105075);滚装船滚装通道系统研制(CB05N20);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ21E050022);航天伺服驱动与传动技术实验室开放基金(LASAT-20210104)。

摘　　要：松靴故障会引起轴向柱塞泵的振动和噪声增大,甚至演变为脱靴导致泵与系统严重损坏。为检测松靴故障,需提取故障特征,但松靴故障特征尚不明确。为此,分析了松靴故障机理,搭建了柱塞泵机液耦合仿真模型,建立了松靴与壳体轴向振动信号间的映射关系。采用倒频谱分析方法,提取了正常与两种松靴程度下的信号特征。搭建了轴向柱塞泵单松靴故障试验台,通过实际跑合得到了两种松靴量的柱塞滑靴组件,在不同转速和压力工况下采集壳体轴向振动信号。基于倒频谱方法分析松靴的故障特征,并验证仿真结果。结果表明:倒频谱对松靴故障振动信号敏感,其中转轴基倒频率对应频谱中单松靴故障产生的冲击频率,是松靴的故障特征;倒频谱转轴基倒频率一次谐波处的幅值,随着松靴故障程度的增大而增大。The loose slipper fault will bring additional vibration and noise on the pump.Even worse,the piston heads will be pulled out of the spherical sockets of slippers,which leads to catastrophic consequences.In order to detect the loose slipper fault,extracting the fault feature is necessary.However,the fault feature of loose slipper fault is not unequivocal.To solve this problem,the mechanism of loose slipper fault was analyzed,the coupled mechanical-hydraulic simulation model of the axial piston pump was established.Then,the corresponding relationship between loose slipper fault and the axial vibration signal of housing was analyzed.Cepstrum was used to extract the signal feature under normal and loose slipper fault condition.In order to verify simulation results,the test bench for simulating the loose slipper fault was built,and piston-slipper components with two degrees of loose slipper fault were obtained by running-in.Furthermore,the axial vibration signal of housing was sampled under different speed and pressure conditions,and cepstrum was used to analyze the fault feature of loose slipper fault.The results show that the cepstrum is sensitive to the vibration signal of loose slipper fault.The base inverted frequency of the rotary axis corresponds to the impact frequency of single loose slipper fault in the spectrum,which is the fault feature of loose slipper fault.Furthermore,with the deterioration of loose slipper fault,the amplitude at the first harmonic of the base inverted frequency of rotary axis increases.

关 键 词：轴向柱塞泵 松靴 倒频谱 故障诊断 特征提取 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH322TH17