基于GC-MS技术分析燕山板栗果实糖组分及其含量特征  

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Sugar Composition and Content of Yanshan-Grown Chestnut(Castanea mollissima Bl.)

作　　者：魏源 马亚特 吕梦炀 张海娥 张京政[1,2] 王东升 WEI Yuan;MA Yate;LÜMengyang;ZHANG Hai’e;ZHANG Jingzheng;WANG Dongsheng(Engineering Research Center of Chestnut Industry Technology,Ministry of Education,Hebei Key Laboratory of Horticultural Germplasm Excavation and Innovative Utilization,Hebei Higher Institute Application Technology Research and Development Center of Horticultural Plant Biological Breeding,College of Horticulture Science and Technology,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Chestnut Industry,Qinhuangdao 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院园艺科技学院,板栗产业技术教育部工程研究中心,河北省特色园艺种质挖掘与创新利用重点实验室,河北省高校特色园艺植物生物育种应用技术研发中心,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]河北省板栗产业协同创新中心,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《食品科学》2023年第22期345-352,共8页Food Science

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(21326304D);河北省2022年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202210798051);板栗产业技术教育部工程研究中心项目(PT2023-01)。

摘　　要：以燕山板栗品种(系)‘大板红’‘燕宝’‘燕龙’“抚宁-12”“抚宁-8”“青龙巨栗”果实为试材,利用蒽酮比色法、气相色谱-质谱联用技术测定成熟果实的可溶性糖总量、组分含量,并计算其生化甜度值,分析不同品种(系)间可溶性糖的特点与差异,最后利用主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)法对其进行综合评价。结果表明:供试6个燕山板栗品种(系)果实中共检测出24种可溶性糖组分,肌醇、葡萄糖、D-半乳糖、D-果糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、棉子糖含量最高,占所有检出可溶性糖组分的98%~99%。不同的品种(系)间,可溶性糖组分结构基本一致,但占比存在一定差异。其中,蔗糖含量最高,占可溶性糖总检出量的64.71%~91.11%,平均占比达到82.17%,其次是麦芽糖,其含量占比为3.36%~17.49%,平均占比为8.60%,再者是由肌醇与葡萄糖组成的单糖,其含量占比为1.97%~4.14%。D-半乳糖、D-果糖、棉子糖占比较低,平均占比分别为0.52%、0.42%和0.77%。相关性分析结果显示可溶性糖与蔗糖表现出显著正相关,D-果糖与肌醇同样也呈显著的正相关,D-半乳糖与生化甜度呈显著负相关。通过PCA,综合排名前三的品种(系)分别为“抚宁-12”、‘燕龙’和‘燕宝’。该研究结果可为燕山地区板栗资源特性评价及糖品质调控研究提供一定的科学参考。The contents of total and individual soluble sugar in mature chestnut fruits from the Yanshan-grown varieties(lines)‘Dabanhong’,‘Yanbao’,‘Yanlong’,“Funing12”,“Funing 8”and“Qinglongjuli”were determined by the anthrone colorimetric method and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and their biochemical sweetness values were calculated.The differences in the soluble sugar composition among chestnut varieties(lines)were analyzed,and a comprehensive evaluation was carried out using principal component analysis(PCA).The results showed that 24 soluble sugars were detected,with the most abundant ones being inositol,glucose,D-galactose,D-fructose,maltose,sucrose and raffinose,accounting for 98%–99%of all soluble sugar components.The structure of soluble sugar components was basically consistent among different varieties(lines),but there were some differences in the proportion of soluble sugar components.Sucrose accounted for the highest proportion(64.71%–91.11%,with an average of 82.17%)of the total amount of soluble sugar,followed by maltose,which accounted for 3.36%–17.49%,with an average of 8.60%,and monosaccharide composed of inositol and glucose,which accounted for 1.97%–4.14%.The contents of D-galactose,D-fructose and raffinose were relatively low,with an average of 0.52%,0.42%and 0.77%,respectively.The results of correlation analysis showed that the content of soluble sugars showed a significant positive correlation with sucrose content.D-fructose and inositol contents also showed a significantly positive correlation with each other.D-galactose content showed a significantly negative correlation with biochemical sweetness.According to the results of PCA,the top three varieties(lines)in terms of comprehensive scores were“Funing 12”,‘Yanlong’and‘Yanbao’.The results can provide a scientific reference for the evaluation and sugar quality regulation of Yanshan-grown chestnut resources.

关 键 词：燕山板栗 气相色谱-质谱联用技术 可溶性糖组分 主成分分析法 

分 类 号：S664.2[农业科学—果树学]