模仿:创意写作的理论渊源与早期实践探索  

Mimesis: Theoretical Origins and Previous Practices of Creative Writing

作　　者：张永禄[1] 陈至远 ZHANG Yong-lu;CHEN Zhi-yuan(Chinese Creative Writing Research Institute,Shanghai University,Shanghai 201900,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学中国创意写作研究院,上海201900

出　　处：《学习与探索》2023年第11期151-158,176,共9页Study & Exploration

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“网络小说类型学批评方法研究”(20BZW041)。

摘　　要：“模仿”(mimesis)是创意写作理论的重要组成,古希腊、罗马时期的模仿观念以及贵族教育中的模仿教学方法是其重要源头。在创意写作的问题域中重新考察以柏拉图和亚里士多德为代表的古典模仿观念,不难发现他们分别开辟了对写作对象的模仿和写作行为模仿两种范式,理想的模仿即为创造。在实践中,古希腊、罗马的贵族教育普遍采用模仿教学法,并形成了仿写练习、翻译练习、释义练习等成熟的模范训练方法。这不仅证实了古典模仿说思想孕育了宝贵的写作思想,模仿教学实践中的模仿原则和方式方法对创意写作工坊有重要指导作用,而且有助于进一步厘清创意写作中模仿与创新的辩证融合关系,进而为创意写作理论的历史根源提供合法性。Mimesis is an important component of Creative Writing Theories,which originated from concepts of mimesis in ancient Greece and Rome and pedagogies of imitation in aristocratic education.In the domain of Creative Writing,after reviewing classical concepts of mimesis represented by Plato and Aristotle,it is not difficult to find that the two philosophers have respectively formed two different paradigms:the imitation of objects and the imitation of behaviors in writing.Ideal imitation is creation.In practice,the aristocratic education in ancient Greece and Rome generally adopted pedagogies of imitation and developed mature model training methods such as exercises of imitative writing,translation and interpretation.This not only confirms that classical imitation theories have nurtured valuable ideas of writing and principles and methods in imitative pedagogies as important guides in Creative Writing workshops,but also helps to clarify the dialectical integration between imitation and innovation in Creative Writing and provide legitimacy for the historical roots of Creative Writing Theories.

关 键 词：模仿说 模仿教育 创造性 创意写作 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]